Abstract
This study presents the integration of UV-active semiconductor with plasmonic noble metal nanoparticles for enhanced solar energy photocatalysis. Nanocubes strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is synthesized via a simple hydrothermal process. Then palladium (Pd) nanoparticles will be deposited onto the surface of SrTiO3 by simple photochemical deposition route. The deposition of plasmonic Pd nanoparticles significantly increased the light absorption, especially in visible and near-infrared region and enhanced charge separation efficiency. The photocatalytic performance of Pd-deposited SrTiO3 is assessed by photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-chlorophenol (4CP) under solar light. The results confirm that the existence of Pd nanoparticles in SrTiO3 has improved the photocatalysis efficiency compared to pure SrTiO3. The higher weight percentage of Pd loading achieved better photocatalytic performance compared to lower weight percentage of Pd loading. This improvement can be deduced from the dual localized surface plasmon resonance effects that led to higher photoresponse and generation of free electrons. Moreover, the existence of Pd nanoparticles further retards the recombination rate of electron and hole pairs. This leads to the excess presence of electrons that contributed to the formation of active radicals that enhanced the oxidation of BPA and 4CP. Thus, this study will provide a new mechanism insight and approach to modify visible and near-infrared light-driven photocatalysts in degrading various organic pollutants.
Graphic abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
O. Tsydenova, V. Batoev, A. Batoeva, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 12, 9542–9561 (2015)
D.S. Bhatkhande, V.G. Pangarkar, A.A. Beenackers, J. Chem. Technol. Biot. 77, 102–116 (2002)
M.M. Bello, A.A. Raman, Environ. Chem. Lett. 17, 1125–1142 (2019)
X. Li, Z. Ge, F. Xue, H. Liu, B. Lyu, M. Liu, Mater. Res. Bull. 123, 110722 (2020)
P. Kanhere, C. Zhong, Molecules 19, 19995–20022 (2014)
J. Shi, S. Shen, Y. Chen, L. Guo, S.S. Mao, Opt. Express 20, A351–A359 (2012)
X.P. Wu, L. Gagliardi, D.G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 150, 041701 (2019)
M.Q. Yang, L. Shen, Y. Lu, S.W. Chee, X. Lu, X. Chi, Z. Chen, Q.H. Xu, U. Mirsaidov, G.W. Ho, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 58, 3077–3081 (2019)
L. Ma, T. Sun, H. Cai, Z.Q. Zhou, J. Sun, M. Lu, J. Chem. Phys. 143, 084706 (2015)
M. Xie M, T. Zhang, J. Mater. Sci. 55, 3974–3990 (2020).
J. Xu, Y. Wei, Y. Huang, J. Wang, X. Zheng, Z. Sun, L. Fan, J. Wu, Ceram. Int. 40, 10583–10591 (2014)
Q. Zhang, Y. Huang, L. Xu, J.J. Cao, W. Ho, S.C. Lee, ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 8, 4165–4174 (2016)
W. Yang, J. Chen, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J.H. He, X. Fang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 29, 1808182 (2019)
F. Teng, K. Hu, W. Ouyang, X. Fang, Adv. Mater. 30, 1706262 (2018)
M.Q. Yang, M. Gao, M. Hong, G.W. Ho, Adv. Mater. 30, 1802894 (2018)
H.C. Fu, V. Ramalingam, H. Kim, C.H. Lin, X. Fang, H.N. Alshareef, J.H. He, Adv. Energy Mater. 9, 1900180 (2019)
W.L. Ong, Y.F. Lim, J.L.T. Ong, G.W. Ho, J. Mater. Chem. A 3, 6509–6516 (2015)
S. Sakthivel, M.V. Shankar, M. Palanichamy, B. Arabindoo, D.W. Bahnemann, V. Murugesan, Water Res. 38, 3001–3008 (2004)
W. Yang, H. Shen, H. Min, J. Ge, J. Mater. Sci. 55, 701–712 (2020)
H.P. Wang, D. Periyanagounder, A.C. Li, J.H. He, IEEE Access 7, 19395–19400 (2018)
S. Das, M.J. Hossain, S.F. Leung, A. Lenox, Y. Jung, K. Davis, J.H. He, T. Roy, Nano Energy 58, 47–56 (2019)
P. Ribao, M.J. Rivero, I. Ortiz, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 24, 12628–12637 (2017)
J.F. Gomes, A. Lopes, K. Bednarczyk, M. Gmurek, M. Stelmachowski, A. Zaleska-Medynska, M.E. Quinta-Ferreira, R. Costa, R.M. Quinta-Ferreira, R.C. Martins, ChemEngineering 2, 4 (2018)
S.T. Huang, W.W. Lee, J.L. Chang, W.S. Huang, S.Y. Chou, C.C. Chen, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 45, 1927–1936 (2014)
L.F. Silva, O.F. Lopes, V.R. Mendonça, K.T. Carvalho, E. Longo, C. Ribeiro, V.R. Mastelaro, Photochem. Photobiol. 92, 371–378 (2016)
N.X. Huy, D.T.T. Phuong, N. Van Minh, Phys. B 532, 37–41 (2018)
M.L. Moreira, V.M. Longo, W. Avansi Jr., M.M. Ferrer, J. Andres, V.R. Mastelaro, J.A. Varela, E. Longo, J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 24792–24808 (2012)
W.Y. Qian, D.M. Sun, R.R. Zhu, X.L. Du, H. Liu, S.L. Wang, Int. J. Nanomed. 7, 5781–5792 (2012)
E. Grabowska, M. Marchelek, T. Klimczuk, W. Lisowski, A. Zaleska-Medynska, J. Catal. 350, 159–173 (2017)
S. Navaladian, B. Viswanathan, T.K. Varadarajan, R.P. Viswanath, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 4, 181 (2009)
H.R. Nodeh, H. Sereshti, RSC Adv. 6, 89953–89965 (2016)
S. Shahabuddin, N.M. Sarih, S. Mohamad, J.J. Ching, Polymers 8, 27 (2016)
J. Tang, Y. Zuo, Corros. Sci. 50, 2873–2878 (2008)
X. Yue, J. Zhang, F. Yan, X. Wang, F. Huang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 319, 68–74 (2014)
G. Wu, L. Xiao, W. Gu, W. Shi, D. Jiang, C. Liu, RSC Adv. 6, 19878–19886 (2016)
D. Yang, X. Zhao, X. Zou, Z. Zhou, Z. Jiang, Chemosphere 215, 586–595 (2019)
C.H. Chang, Y.H. Shen, Mater. Lett. 60, 129–132 (2006)
Z. Wu, Y. Zhang, X. Wang, Z. Zou, N. J. Chem. 41, 5678–5687 (2017)
H. Chu, X. Liu, J. Liu, J. Li, T. Wu, H. Li, W. Lei, Y. Xu, L. Pan, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 211, 128–134 (2016)
K. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Deng, S. Xie, X. Zhao, J. Yang, Z. Han, H. Dai, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 224, 350–359 (2018)
R.B.P. Marcelino, C.C. Amorim, Environ. Sci. Pollut. R 26, 4155–4170 (2019)
A. Gołąbiewska, W. Lisowski, M. Jarek, G. Nowaczyk, A. Zielińska-Jurek, A. Zaleska, Appl. Surf. Sci. 317, 1131–1142 (2014)
A. Zaleska-Medynska, M. Marchelek, M. Diak, E. Grabowska, Adv. Colloid Interface 229, 80–107 (2016)
S. Qu, Y. Xiong, J. Zhang, Sep. Purif. Technol. 210, 382–389 (2019)
K.H. Leong, Z.Z. Tan, L.C. Sim, P. Saravanan, D. Bahnemann, M. Jang, ChemistrySelect 2, 84–89 (2017)
K.H. Leong, H.Y. Chu, S. Ibrahim, P. Saravanan, Beilstein J. Nanotech. 6, 428–437 (2015)
R. Long, K. Mao, M. Gong, S. Zhou, J. Hu, M. Zhi, Y. You, S. Bai, J. Jiang, Q. Zhang, X. Wu, Angew. Chem. 53, 3205–3209 (2014)
M.R. Khan, T.W. Chuan, A. Yousuf, M.N.K. Chowdhury, C.K. Cheng, Catal. Sci. Technol. 5, 2522–2531 (2015)
M. Nasrollahzadeh, S.M. Sajadi, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 465, 121–127 (2016)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Research Fund, UTARRF (IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2018-C2/L03).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lim, P.F., Leong, K.H., Sim, L.C. et al. Mechanism insight of dual synergistic effects of plasmonic Pd-SrTiO3 for enhanced solar energy photocatalysis. Appl. Phys. A 126, 550 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03739-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03739-4