Regulation of TORC1 by ubiquitin through non-covalent binding
Review
First Online:
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
- 333 Downloads
- 7 Citations
Abstract
Ubiquitin (Ub) regulates numerous cellular processes through covalent attachment to other proteins in the forms of poly- and mono-ubiquitination. A recent study in yeast shows that ubiquitin controls TORC1 through a noncovalent binding with Kog1, a regulatory subunit of TORC1. The binding stabilizes Kog1 and prevents its degradation under stress conditions. This finding unveils a novel role of Ub in TORC1 function and implicates a unique mechanism that attributes the action of Ub in cell signaling.
Keywords
Ubiquitin Kog1 TOR Rapamycin WD40 repeatsNotes
Acknowledgments
The author thanks other laboratory members for critical reading of this manuscript. This study was supported by NIH Grants (CA169186) to YJ. The author has no conflict of interest to declare for this publication.
References
- Adami A, Garcia-Alvarez B, Arias-Palomo E, Barford D, Llorca O (2007) Structure of TOR and its complex with KOG1. Mol Cell 27:509–516CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Grabbe C, Dikic I (2009) Functional roles of ubiquitin-like domain (ULD) and ubiquitin-binding domain (UBD) containing proteins. Chem Rev 109:1481–1494CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Heride C, Urbe S, Clague MJ (2014) Ubiquitin code assembly and disassembly. Curr Biol 24:R215–R220CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Hicke L, Dunn R (2003) Regulation of membrane protein transport by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-binding proteins. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 19:141–172CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Ho YH, Gasch AP (2015) Exploiting the yeast stress-activated signaling network to inform on stress biology and disease signaling. Curr Genet 61:503–511CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Hochstrasser M (1996) Ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. Annu Rev Genet 30:405–439CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Hoeller D, Hecker CM, Wagner S, Rogov V, Dotsch V, Dikic I (2007) E3-independent monoubiquitination of ubiquitin-binding proteins. Mol Cell 26:891–898CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Hu K, Guo S, Yan G, Yuan W, Zheng Y, Jiang Y (2015) Ubiquitin regulates TORC1 in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Microbiol. doi: 10.1111/mmi.13319 PubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Komander D, Rape M (2012) The ubiquitin code. Annu Rev Biochem 81:203–229CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Mukhopadhyay D, Riezman H (2007) Proteasome-independent functions of ubiquitin in endocytosis and signaling. Science 315:201–205CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Pashkova N, Gakhar L, Winistorfer SC, Yu L, Ramaswamy S, Piper RC (2010) WD40 repeat propellers define a ubiquitin-binding domain that regulates turnover of F box proteins. Mol Cell 40:433–443CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Wullschleger S, Loewith R, Hall MN (2006) TOR signaling in growth and metabolism. Cell 124:471–484CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Yan G, Lai Y, Jiang Y (2012) The TOR complex 1 is a direct target of Rho1 GTPase. Mol Cell 45:743–753CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- Zoncu R, Efeyan A, Sabatini DM (2011) mTOR: from growth signal integration to cancer, diabetes and ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 12:21–35CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016