Effect of aprepitant administration on CINV caused by cisplatin multi-day chemotherapy and pharmacokinetics of docetaxel
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Abstract
Purpose
To compare efficacy and safety of postponing administration of aprepitant and routine triple-antiemetic treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients who received docetaxel and cisplatin multi-day chemotherapy treatment, and to evaluate the effect of aprepitant on docetaxel pharmacokinetics in the Chinese population.
Methods
A total of 24 cancer patients (including 5 females and 19 males, 22–74 years old) received two cycles of high-emetic DP (docetaxel 75 mg/m2 on day 1 + cisplatin 25 mg/m2 on days 1–3) regimen. A randomized, two-period and cross-over study was applied for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The patients in group A took aprepitant 125 mg on day 1 and 80 mg on days 2–3 (administered aprepitant 1 h before chemotherapy). In group B, the patients took aprepitant 125 mg on day 2, 80 mg on days 3–4, which was delayed 1 day than group A. Efficacy and safety in overall phase were evaluated within 5 days after initiation of chemotherapy. Simultaneously, the differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of docetaxel between two different antiemetic treatments are compared.
Results
The CR rate of delayed-phase nausea was compared between the routine triple-antiemetic treatment (group A) and the aprepitant delayed 1-day administration treatment (group B), and the difference was statistically significant (16.7% vs 45.8% P < 0.05), despite there were similar for two groups in the CR rate of acute-phase nausea and vomiting, and delayed-phase vomiting. In two groups, the area under the docetaxel curve (AUC0−t values) (mean ± SD) of docetaxel was 1134.21 ± 732.55 (ng h/mL) and 1080.94 ± 585.09 (ng h/mL), and the geometric means were 944.82 and 902.10 (ng h/mL), respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC values between the two antiemetic treatments (P > 0.05), as well as Cmax, CLz, T1/2z, MRT and Tmax.
Conclusions
Delayed administration of aprepitant provided superior delayed-phase nausea protection for patients who received cisplatin-based chemotherapy in comparison with the routine triple-antiemetic treatment. In addition, in the routine triple-antiemetic treatment, aprepitant did not significantly affect the main pharmacokinetic parameters of docetaxel.
Keywords
Docetaxel Aprepitant DP chemotherapy CINV PharmacokineticNotes
Acknowledgements
We are very grateful to the volunteers and nurses who support the clinical research work.
Compliance with ethical standards
Conflict of interest
There is no conflict of interest.
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