Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy

, Volume 38, Issue 9, pp 1105–1110 | Cite as

The characteristics and occurrence of the talon cusps in Turkish population: a retrospective sample study

Anatomic Variations
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to figure out the characteristics and occurrence of talon cusps in a sample of Turkish population.

Methods

In this retrospective study, talon cusps in permanent dentition were evaluated on radiographs and intraoral photographs which were obtained from patients who were referred to Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey between January 2013 and January 2014.

Results

Talon cusps were observed in 365 of 4116 patients, with a frequency of 8.86 %. There were 208 (57 %) females and 157 (43 %) males with this variation. Maxillary canines were the most affected anterior teeth (40.83 %), followed by lateral incisors (39.60 %) and central incisors (19.55 %). Of the patients, 81 (22.19 %) had type I talon cusp with two periapical pathologies, 114 (31.23 %) had type II talon cusp with four periapical pathologies and 226 (61.91 %) had type III talon cusp with also four periapical pathologies.

Conclusions

The occurrence of talon cusps was higher than other studies reported in the literature, with an exception of the study in Alaskan Eskimos. The most commonly detected type of talon cusp was type III (61.91 %), and dens invaginatus was the most frequent variation observed with talon cusps.

Keywords

Dental variation Talon cusps Turkish population Frequency 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Notes

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The author declare that they have no conflict of interest.

References

  1. 1.
    Chawla HS, Tewari A, Gopalakrishnan NS (1983) Talon cusp—a prevalence study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 1:28–34PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Cho SY, Ki Y, Chu V, Chan J (2006) Concomitant developmental dental anomalies in Chinese children with dens evaginatus. Int J Paediatr Dent 16:247–251CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Curzon ME, Curzon JA, Poyton HG (1970) Evaginated odontomes in the Keewatin Eskimo. Br Dent J 129:324–328CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Dankner E, Harari D, Rotstein I (1996) Dens evaginatus of anterior teeth. Literature review and radiographic survey of 15,000 teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 81:472–475CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Davis PJ, Brook AH (1986) The presentation of talon cusp: diagnosis, clinical features, associations and possible aetiology. Br Dent J 160:84–88CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Gardner DG, Girgis SS (1979) Talon cusps: a dental anomaly in the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 47:519–521CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Goldstein E, Medina JL (1974) Mohr syndrome or oral-facial-digital II: report of two cases. J Am Dent Assoc 89:377–382CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Gungor HC, Altay N, Kaymaz FF (2000) Pulpal tissue in bilateral talon cusps of primary central incisors: report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 89:231–235CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Gündüz K, Celenk P (2008) Survey of talon cusps in the permanent dentition of a Turkish population. J Contemp Dent Pract 9:84–91PubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Hamasha AA, Safadi RA (2010) Prevalence of talon cusps in Jordanian permanent teeth: a radiographic study. BMC Oral Health 10:6CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Hattab FN, Yassin OM, al-Nimri KS (1996) Talon cusp in permanent dentition associated with other dental anomalies: review of literature and reports of seven cases. ASDC J Dent Child 63:368–376PubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Hattab FN, Yassin OM, Sasa IS (1998) Oral manifestations of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome: report of two siblings with unusual dental anomalies. J Clin Pediat Dent 22:159–165Google Scholar
  13. 13.
    Hedge S, Kumar BRA (1999) Mandibular talon cusp: report of two rare cases. Int J Paediatr Dent 9:303–306CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Levitan ME, Himel VT (2006) Dens evaginatus: literature review, pathophysiology, and comprehensive treatment regimen. J Endod 32:1–9CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Lomcali G, Hazar S, Altinbulak H (1994) Talon cusp: report of five cases. Quintessence Int 25:431–433PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Mader CL (1982) Mandibular talon cusp. J Am Dent Assoc 105:651–653CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Mallineni SK, Panampally GK, Chen Y, Tian T (2014) Mandibular talon cusps: a Systematic review and data analysis. J Clin Exp Dent 6:e408–e413CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Mavrodisz K, Rózsa N, Budai M, Soós A, Pap I, Tarján I (2007) Prevalence of accessory tooth cusps in a contemporary and ancestral Hungarian population. Eur J Orthod 29:166–169CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    McNamara T, Haeussler AM, Keane J (1997) Facial talon cusps. Int J Paediatr Dent 7:259–262CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Mellor JK, Ripa LW (1970) Talon cusp: a clinically significant anomaly. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 29:225–228CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Merrill RG (1964) Occlusal anomalous tubercles on premolars of Alaskan Eskimos and Indians. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 17:484–496CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Mitchell WH (1892) Case report. Dent Cosmos 34:1036Google Scholar
  23. 23.
    Nuvvula S, Gaddam KR, Jayachandra B, Mallineni SK (2014) A rare report of mandibular facial talon cusp and its management. J Conserv Dent 17:499–502CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Oehlers FA, Lee KW, Lee EC (1967) Dens evaginatus (evaginated odontome). Its structure and responses to external stimuli. Dent Pract Dent Rec 17:239–244PubMedGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Oredugba FA (2005) Mandibular facial talon cusp: case report. BMC Oral Health 5:9CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Orstavik D, Kerekes K, Eriksen HM (1986) The periapical index: a scoring system for radiographic assessment of apical periodontitis. Endod Dent Traumatol 2:20–34CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    Prabhu RV, Rao PK, Veena K, Shetty P, Chatra L, Shenai P (2012) Prevalence of Talon cusp in Indian population. J Clin Exp Dent 4:e23–e27CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  28. 28.
    Rao PK, Mascarenhas R, Shetty SR (2011) Facial talon in mandibular incisor: an unusual occurrence. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 8:229–231CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. 29.
    Richardson DS, Knudson KG (1985) Talon cusp: a preventive approach to treatment. J Am Dent Assoc 110:60–62CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  30. 30.
    Rusmah Meon (1991) Talon cusp in Malaysia. Aust Dent J 36:11–14CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  31. 31.
    Sedano HO, Carreon Freyre I, Garza de la Garza ML, Gomar Franco CM, Grimaldo Hernandez C, Hernandez Montoya ME, Hipp C, Keenan KM, Martinez Bravo J, Medina López JA (1989) Clinical orodental abnormalities in Mexican children. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 68:300–311CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  32. 32.
    Simões RJ, Cardoso HF, Caldas IM (2014) Prevalence of talon cusps in a Portuguese population: forensic identification significance of a rare trait. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 11:45–48Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag France 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of DentistryAdnan Menderes UniversityAydınTurkey
  2. 2.Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of DentistryEge UniversityİzmirTurkey

Personalised recommendations