Aesthetic Plastic Surgery

, Volume 36, Issue 6, pp 1382–1386 | Cite as

Effect of Topically Applied Minoxidil on the Survival of Rat Dorsal Skin Flap

  • Nazım Gümüş
  • Yusuf Ödemiş
  • Sarper Yılmaz
  • Ersin Tuncer
Original Article Experimental/Special Topics
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Background

Flap necrosis still is a challenging problem in reconstructive surgery that results in irreversible tissue loss. This study evaluated the effect of topically applied minoxidil on angiogenesis and survival of a caudally based dorsal rat skin flap.

Methods

For this study, 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of eight each. A caudally based dorsal skin flap with the dimensions of 9 × 3 cm was raised. After elevation of the flaps, they were sutured back into their initial positions. In group 1 (control group), 1 ml of isotonic saline was applied topically to the flaps of all the animals for 14 days. In group 2, minoxidil solution was spread uniformly over the flap surface for 7 days after the flap elevation. In group 3, minoxidil solution was applied topically to the flap surface during a 14-day period. On day 7 after the flap elevation, the rats were killed. The average area of flap survival was determined for each rat. Subdermal vascular architecture and angiogenesis were evaluated under a light microscope after two full-thickness skin biopsy specimens had been obtained from the midline of the flaps.

Results

The lowest flap survival rate was observed in group 1, and no difference was observed between groups 1 and 2. Compared with groups 1 and 2, group 3 had a significantly increased percentage of flap survival (P < 0.05). Intense and moderate angiogenesis also was observed respectively at the proximal and distal areas of the flaps in group 3.

Conclusions

The results of this experiment seem to show that the early effect of minoxidil is vasodilation and that prolonged use before flap elevation leads to angiogenesis, increasing flap viability.

Level of Evidence III

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

Keywords

Angiogenesis Flap survival Minoxidil Topical application 
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  • Nazım Gümüş
    • 1
  • Yusuf Ödemiş
    • 1
  • Sarper Yılmaz
    • 1
  • Ersin Tuncer
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic SurgeryCumhuriyet University Medical FacultySivasTurkey

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