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Development and proposal of a scoring system for giant cell tumour of the bone around the knee

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to provide the surgeons with effective and reliable guidelines for surgical decision-making by establishing a scoring system for giant cell tumour (GCTSS) based on evidence and expert opinion.

Methods

The modified Delphi technique and analytic hierarchy process were used to establish the GCTSS. The GCTSS was defined and classified based on different surgical methods using data from 207 patients collected retrospectively between October 2003 and December 2014. Finally, prospective data of 40 patients between December 2014 and October 2015 were used to analyze concordance between score categorization and experts’ consensus on surgical procedure.

Results

A novel GCTSS included pathological fracture, cortical bone destruction, tumour size, and articular surface involved. The total scores ranged from 1 to 12 points. The strategy for each patient was decided: a total score of 1–4 suggested intralesional curettage alone for excellent post-operative function; 5–9 points indicated intralesional curettage with internal fixation for less surgery-related complications; and 10–12 points indicated prosthesis replacement for long-term local control. The κ-statistic for the predictive validity of total score was 0.611. The κ coefficient of each group represented moderate or substantial agreement, which was acceptable. The intraclass correlation coefficient for inter- and intra-observer reliability of total score was 0.831 and 0.740, respectively.

Conclusions

The novel GCTSS is a comprehensive scoring system with content validity that can aid surgeons in assessing the aggressiveness or severity of giant cell tumour and might become a prognostic tool for surgical decision-making.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the following participants of the expert panel of GTOC: Wei Guo (Beijing), Xiao-hui Niu (Beijing), Zheng-dong Cai (Shanghai), Jian-min Li (Shandong), Chong-qi Tu (Sichuan), Guo-wen Wang (Tianjin), Bing Zhu (Beijing), Di-sheng Yang (Zhejiang), Hui-min Tao (Zhejiang), Wei-bin Zhang (Shanghai), Wen-zhi Bi (Beijing), Yang Dong (Shanghai), Rong-li Yang (Beijing), Qing Zhang (Beijing), Zheng Guo (Shaanxi), Qi-rong Qian (Shanghai), Jing-nan Shen (Guangdong), Jin Wang (Guangdong), Xin Shi (Jiangsu), Xu-quan Wang (Chongqing), Jian-gang Feng (Hebei), Yong-tai Han (Hebei), Shi-de Li (Guangxi), Qi-qing Cai (Henan), Jing-ping Bai (Xinjiang), Chuan Mi (Beijing), Jian-hua Lin (Fujian), and Wei-ming Chen (Taiwan). The authors also thank Xian-jia Ning (Tianjin) and Jing-hua Wang (Tianjin) for their substantial and excellent statistical work.

Funding

No funds were received in support of this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang People’s Hospital, Guangwen road, Kuiwen district, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, China

    Deng-xing Lun

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China

    Yong-cheng Hu & Xiong-gang Yang

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, The Affiliated Xijing Hospital of The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

    Zhen Wang

  4. Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China

    Xiu-chun Yu

  5. Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Nanjing Military General Hospital, Nanjing, China

    Su-jia Wu

  6. Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China

    Zhao-ming Ye

  7. Department of Orthopaedic, Jining NO.2 People’s Hospitaltal, 107 Hongxingdong Road, Rencheng District, Jining, 272049, People’s Republic of China

    Han Wang

Authors
  1. Deng-xing Lun
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  2. Yong-cheng Hu
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  3. Xiong-gang Yang
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  4. Zhen Wang
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  5. Xiu-chun Yu
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  6. Su-jia Wu
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  7. Zhao-ming Ye
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  8. Han Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yong-cheng Hu.

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Conflicts of interest

The authors disclosed no potential conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was carried out according to the principles set out in the Declaration of Helsinki 1964 and all subsequent revisions, and approved by the relevant institutional review board (Tianjin Hospital Ethics Committee, TJHS20162271).

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from 40 participants in the prospective study.

Additional information

An Evidence-based and Expert Consensus Study from the GCT Study Team of China

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Lun, Dx., Hu, Yc., Yang, Xg. et al. Development and proposal of a scoring system for giant cell tumour of the bone around the knee. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 42, 203–213 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-017-3664-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-017-3664-2

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