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Behavior of Hylamer polyethylene in hip arthroplasty: comparison of two gamma sterilization techniques

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Abstract

Hylamer polyethylene was introduced in the 1990s as an alternative to conventional polyethylene. Its chemical and physical properties, and especially its high crystallinity, were claimed to improve resistance to wear. Initially Hylamer devices were sterilized by gamma radiation in air, then the technique was changed and gamma radiation was performed in the absence of oxygen. Clinical experience has shown the early loosening of some devices made from Hylamer. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether early wear and consequent osteolysis was linked to the sterilization method. We retrospectively compared 31 patients with hip prostheses with Hylamer liners sterilized by gamma radiation in air (group 1) with 30 patients with the same prosthesis, but sterilized in the absence of oxygen (group 2). The groups were similar for sex, age, disease, head diameter and material. Mean follow-up was 84 months and no clinical signs of failure were present. Radiographic measurement revealed that wear of group 1 was significantly greater than that of group 2 (0.23 mm/year vs 0.09 mm/year, p=0.001). Periacetabular and femoral osteolysis in group 1 was significantly greater than group 2. In conclusion, the method of sterilization might have influenced the outcome of Hylamer polyethylene liners.

Résumé

Le polyéthylène Hylamer a été présenté dans les années 1990 comme une alternative au polyéthylène conventionnel. Ses caractéristiques chimiques et physiques, et surtout sa haute cristallinité, devaient améliorer la résistance à l'usure. Tout d'abord l'Hylamer a été stérilisé par rayonnement gamma dans l'air, puis la technique a été changée et le rayonnement gamma a été exécuté en l'absence d'oxygène. L'expérience clinique a montré des descellements précoces de composants en Hylamer. Le but de cette étude était de découvrir si l'usure précoce et l'ostéolyse résultante étaient liées à la méthode de stérilisation. Nous avons comparé rétrospectivement 31 malades avec une prothèse de la hanche avec liner en Hylamer stérilisé par rayonnement gamma dans l'air (groupe 1) avec 30 malades avec la même prothèse, mais stérilisée en l'absence d'oxygène (groupe 2). Les groupes n'étaient pas différents pour le sexe, l'âge et la maladie, le diamètre de la tête et la matière. Le suivi moyen était de 84 mois et aucun signe clinique d'échec n'était présent. Les mesures radiographiques ont noté que l'usure du groupe 1 était notablement plus grande que celle du groupe 2 (0.23 mm/an contre 0.09 mm/an, p=0.001). L'ostéolyse périacétabulaire et fémorale dans le groupe 1 était nettement plus grande que dans le groupe 2. En conclusion, la méthode de stérilisation a pu influencer le devenir du liner en polyéthylène Hylamer.

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Stea, S., Antonietti, B., Baruffaldi, F. et al. Behavior of Hylamer polyethylene in hip arthroplasty: comparison of two gamma sterilization techniques. International Orthopaedics (SICO 30, 35–38 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-005-0022-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-005-0022-6

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