Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

, Volume 100, Issue 7, pp 3291–3300 | Cite as

Distribution and activity of anaerobic ammonium-oxidising bacteria in natural freshwater wetland soils

  • Li-dong Shen
  • Hong-sheng Wu
  • Zhi-qiu Gao
  • Hai-xiang Cheng
  • Ji Li
  • Xu Liu
  • Qian-qi Ren
Environmental biotechnology
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Abstract

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process plays a significant role in the marine nitrogen cycle. However, the quantitative importance of this process in nitrogen removal in wetland systems, particularly in natural freshwater wetlands, is still not determined. In the present study, we provided the evidence of the distribution and activity of anammox bacteria in a natural freshwater wetland, located in southeastern China, by using 15N stable isotope measurements, quantitative PCR assays and 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis. The potential anammox rates measured in this wetland system ranged between 2.5 and 25.5 nmol N2 g−1 soil day−1, and up to 20 % soil dinitrogen gas production could be attributed to the anammox process. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes showed that anammox bacteria related to Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Kuenenia, Candidatus Anammoxoglobus and two novel anammox clusters coexisted in the collected soil cores, with Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia being the dominant anammox genera. Quantitative PCR of hydrazine synthase genes showed that the abundance of anammox bacteria varied from 2.3 × 105 to 2.2 × 106 copies g−1 soil in the examined soil cores. Correlation analyses suggested that the soil ammonium concentration had significant influence on the activity of anammox bacteria. On the basis of 15N tracing technology, it is estimated that a total loss of 31.1 g N m−2 per year could be linked the anammox process in the examined wetland.

Keywords

Anammox activity Distribution Abundance Nitrogen loss Natural freshwater wetlands 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41501261), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20150893), the Ministry of Environmental Protection Projects (No.201409055), the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST (No. S8113112001), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. LQ14E080012).

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this work.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Supplementary material

253_2015_7191_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (351 kb)
ESM 1 (PDF 350 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Li-dong Shen
    • 1
  • Hong-sheng Wu
    • 1
  • Zhi-qiu Gao
    • 2
    • 3
  • Hai-xiang Cheng
    • 4
  • Ji Li
    • 1
  • Xu Liu
    • 1
  • Qian-qi Ren
    • 1
  1. 1.Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, College of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina
  2. 2.State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric ChemistryInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijingChina
  3. 3.College of Geophysics and Remote SensingNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina
  4. 4.College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringQuzhou UniversityQuzhouChina

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