European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

, Volume 74, Issue 3, pp 285–296 | Cite as

Pharmacokinetics of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 substrates in healthy Chinese and European subjects

  • Sijie Lu
  • R. A. Nand
  • J. S. Yang
  • Gang Chen
  • A. S. Gross
Pharmacokinetics and Disposition
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:
  • 281 Downloads

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this analysis is to compare the pharmacokinetics of drug substrates in healthy Chinese and European subjects of aligned CYP2C9, CYP2C19, or CYP2D6 enzyme activity, providing further insight into drivers of interethnic differences in pharmacokinetics.

Methods

Following identification of appropriate drug substrates, a comprehensive and structured literature search was conducted to identify single-dose pharmacokinetic data in healthy Chinese or European subjects with reported CYP2C9, CYP2C19, or CYP2D6 activity (genotype or phenotype). The ratio of drug AUC in the Chinese and European subjects classified with aligned enzyme activity was calculated (ethnicity ratio (ER)).

Results

For 22/25 drugs identified, the ERs calculated indicated no or only limited interethnic differences in exposure (<twofold) in Chinese and European subjects with aligned polymorphic enzyme activity. The interethnic differences observed can reflect differences across populations in additional determinants of pharmacokinetics, although the notable between study variation and change over time in methods used to assign enzyme activity may also be contributing factors. There was no association between drug substrate fraction metabolized (fm) for CYP2C9, CYP2C19, or CYP2D6 and the ERs calculated.

Conclusion

The spectrum of pharmacokinetic determinants for each drug substrate and their differences across ethnic groups must be considered on a case-by-case basis in addition to metabolism by CYP2C9, CYP2C19, or CYP2D6. This analysis has also highlighted the challenges which arise when comparing published datasets if consistent methods to assign polymorphic enzyme activity have not been used.

Keywords

Pharmacokinetics Interethnic difference Chinese CYP2C9 CYP2C19 CYP2D6 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. J Sahi and Dr. HF Liu for contributing to discussions while planning this analysis and Professor AJ McLachlan, University of Sydney, for access to gliclazide pharmacokinetic data.

Contributions of authors

All authors (SL, RN, JY, GC, AG) contributed to the design of the analysis, interpretation of results, and writing of the final manuscript. SL and GC performed the literature searches and data analyses.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Supplementary material

228_2017_2375_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (468 kb)
ESM 1 (PDF 467 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
  2. 2.Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Platform Technology and ScienceGlaxoSmithKline R&DShanghaiChina
  3. 3.PK SciencesNovartis Institutes for Biomedical ResearchShanghaiChina
  4. 4.Clinical Pharmacology Modelling & SimulationGlaxoSmithKline R&DSydneyAustralia
  5. 5.Clinical Pharmacology Modelling & SimulationGlaxoSmithKline R&DShanghaiChina
  6. 6.Mosim LimitedShanghaiChina

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