Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

, Volume 387, Issue 6, pp 2289–2295 | Cite as

A feasibility study on the use of visible and short wavelengths in the near-infrared region for the non-destructive measurement of wine composition

  • D. Cozzolino
  • M. J. Kwiatkowski
  • E. J. Waters
  • M. Gishen
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the capability of spectroscopy in the visible (Vis) and short wavelength near-infrared (NIR) regions for the non-destructive measurement of wine composition in intact bottles. In this study we analysed a wide range of commercial wines obtained in Australia in different types of bottles (e.g. colours, diameters and heights), including different wine styles and varieties. Wine bottles were scanned in the Vis-NIR region (600–1,100 nm) in a monochromator instrument in transflectance mode. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares (PLS) regression were used to interpret the spectra and develop calibrations for wine composition. Due to the relatively small number of samples available full cross-validation (leave-one-out) was used as validation. The coefficient of correlation in calibration \(\left( {R_{{\text{cal}}}^2 } \right)\) and the standard error of cross-validation (SECV) were 0.67 (SECV: 0.48%), 0.83 (SECV: 4.01 mg L−1), 0.70 (SECV: 28.6 mg L−1) and 0.50 (SECV: 0.15) for alcohol content, total SO2, free SO2 and pH, respectively, in the set of wine samples analysed. These preliminary results showed that the assessment of wine composition by Vis and short wavelengths in the NIR is possible for either qualitative analysis (e.g. low-, medium- and high-quality grading), or for screening of composition during bottling and storage. Although low accuracy and precision were obtained for the chemical parameters routinely analysed in wine, calibration models for the chemical parameters were considered acceptable for screening purposes in terms of the standard errors obtained.

Keywords

Near-infrared spectroscopy Principal component analysis Short wavelengths Wine composition Bottles Glass Non-destructive analysis Chemometrics 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. M. Herderich of The Australian Wine Research Institute for his comments and suggestions on the manuscript. Additional comments and suggestion in the early stages of this project from Dr. G. Skouroumounis are also acknowledged. This project is supported by Australia’s grapegrowers and winemakers through their investment body the Grape and Wine Research and Development Corporation, with matching funds from the Australian government, and by the Commonwealth Cooperative Research Centres Program. The work was conducted by The Australian Wine Research Institute and forms part of the research portfolio of the Cooperative Research Centre for Viticulture (CRCV).

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag 2007

Authors and Affiliations

  • D. Cozzolino
    • 1
    • 2
  • M. J. Kwiatkowski
    • 1
  • E. J. Waters
    • 1
    • 2
  • M. Gishen
    • 1
    • 2
  1. 1.The Australian Wine Research InstituteGlen OsmondAustralia
  2. 2.The Cooperative Research Centre for ViticultureGlen OsmondAustralia

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