Sulpiride and refractory panic disorder
Letter to the Editor
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:
Keywords
Anxiety Disorder Panic Disorder Panic Disorder Sulpiride Amisulpride
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Notes
Acknowledgments
The grant for this trial was provided by the Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM). Drs. Nardi, Hallak, and Crippa are recipients of CNPq productivity fellowship awards. The authors declare that they have full control of all primary data and that they agree to allow the journal to review the data if requested.
Conflict of interest
The authors also declare that they have no conflict of interest.
References
- Berman RM, Fava M, Thase ME et al (2009) Aripiprazole augmentation in major depressive disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with inadequate response to antidepressants. CNS Spectr 14:197–206PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Cavazzuti E, Bertolini A, Vergoni AV et al (1999) l-Sulpiride, at a low, non-neuroleptic dose, prevents conditioned fear stress-induced freezing behavior in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 143:20–23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Comer JS, Mojtabai R, Olfson M (2011) National trends in the antipsychotic treatment of psychiatric outpatients with anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiatry 168:1057–1065PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Crystal S, Olfson M, Huang C, Pincus H, Gerhard T (2009) Broadened use of atypical antipsychotics: safety, effectiveness, and policy challenges. Health Aff 28:w770–w781CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- de la Mora MP, Gallegos-Cari A, Arizmendi-Garcia Y, Marcellino D, Fuxe K (2010) Role of dopamine receptor mechanisms in the amygdaloid modulation of fear and anxiety: structural and functional analysis. Prog Neurobiol 90:198–216PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Holt RL, Lydiard RB (2007) Management of treatment-resistant panic disorder. Psychiatry 4(10):48–59PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Miyamoto S, Duncan GE, Marx CE, Lieberman JA (2005) Treatments for schizophrenia: a critical review of pharmacology and mechanisms of action of antipsychotic drugs. Mol Psychiatry 10:79–104PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Pich EM, Samanin R (1986) Disinhibitory effects of buspirone and low doses of sulpiride and haloperidol in two experimental models in rats: possible role of dopamine. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 89:125–130CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Puglisi-Allegra S, Cabib S (1988) Pharmacological evidence for a role of D2 dopamine receptors in the defensive behaviour of the mouse. Behav Neural Biol 50:98–111PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Rodgers RJ, Nikulina EM, Cole JC (1994) Dopamine D1 and D2 receptor ligands modulate the behaviour of mice in the elevated plus-maze. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 49:985–995PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ruther E, Degner D, Munzel U et al (1999) Antidepressant action of sulpiride. Results of a placebo-controlled double-blind trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 32:127–135PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Sheehan D, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH et al (1998) The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry 59(suppl 20):22–33PubMedGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer-Verlag 2012