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Effects of diosmin and crocin on metabolic syndrome-associated cardio-vascular complications in rats

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Abstract

This study aims to scrutinize the potential protective effect of diosmin and crocin against cardio-vascular complications attributed to metabolic syndrome (MS). For 16 weeks, the rats were given 10% fructose in water and 3% salt in diet to induce MS over a 16-week period. At week 7 and for 10 weeks, diosmin (50 mg/kg, PO) or crocin (50 mg/kg, PO) was administered daily. Non-invasive blood pressure (BP) was recorded in conscious animals. Thoracic aorta (macro vessels) and kidney (micro vessels) concentration-response curves for phenylephrine (PE) and acetylcholine (ACh) were analyzed. Electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters were recorded. Blood glucose level, serum insulin level, troponin T, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. In addition, histological examination of aorta and heart tissues was performed. Diosmin and crocin alleviated cardio-vascular complications associated with MS. This is manifested in improvement of systolic and diastolic BP and ECG parameters. They ameliorated MS-induced exaggerated contractility to PE and improved the impaired dilatation to Ach in macro and micro vasculature. Diosmin and crocin reduced the elevated serum levels of insulin, AGEs, TNF-α, and MDA and reversed MS-induced structural changes of aorta and cardiac tissues. Diosmin and crocin offset the cardiac changes and vascular impairment associated with MS via attenuation of oxidative stress and suppression of inflammation.

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Abbreviations

AGEs:

Advanced glycation end products

ANOVA:

analysis of variance

CMS:

Crocin-treated metabolic syndrome

DMS:

Diosmin-treated metabolic syndrome

ELISA:

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

ECG:

Electrocardiogram

HOMA IR:

Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance

MDA:

malondialdehyde

MS:

metabolic syndrome

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt

    Rania El-Fawal, Hassan M. El Fayoumi & Mona F. Mahmoud

  2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University Qantara, El Arish–El Masaid, Egypt

    Hassan M. El Fayoumi

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  1. Rania El-Fawal
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  2. Hassan M. El Fayoumi
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  3. Mona F. Mahmoud
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Contributions

RE contributed to the experimental design, performed the experiments, conceived the study, oversaw all data collection and analysis, and drafted the manuscript. HF contributed to the experimental design and manuscript preparation. MF contributed to experimental design, data analysis and interpretation, and manuscript preparation. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Correspondence to Mona F. Mahmoud.

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El-Fawal, R., El Fayoumi, H.M. & Mahmoud, M.F. Effects of diosmin and crocin on metabolic syndrome-associated cardio-vascular complications in rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 392, 1523–1536 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-019-01700-8

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