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Single and combined effect of high-frequency loading and bisphosphonate treatment on the bone micro-architecture of ovariectomized rats

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Abstract

Summary

Mechanical loading at high frequency affects bone. Whether this also applies to osteoporotic bone, combined or not with bisphosphonate therapy, was investigated in this animal study through imaging. An anabolic effect of high-frequency loading on osteoporotic bone, however non-synergistic with bisphosphonates, was found, thereby revealing its potential for treatment of osteoporosis.

Introduction

In an effort to elucidate the effect of high-frequency (HF) loading on bone and to optimize its potential for treatment osteoporosis, this study aimed to investigate the effect of HF loading via whole body vibration (WBV), alone or in association with bisphosphonate treatment (alendronate—ALN), on the micro-architecture of ovariectomy (OVX)-induced compromised bone.

Methods

Eighty-four female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (shOVX). OVX animals were treated either with ALN (3 days/week at a dose of 2 mg/kg) or with saline solution. Each group (shOVX, OVX, ALN) was further divided into subgroups relative to the loading status (sham-WBV versus WBV) and the duration of experimental period (4 days versus 14 days). (Sham)WBV loading was applied for 10 min/day using 10 consecutive steps of HF loading (130, 135, 140, 145, 150, 130, 135, 140, 145, 150 Hz). Tibial bone structural responses to WBV and/or ALN treatment were analyzed using ex vivo micro-computed tomography.

Results

The animal’s hormonal status displayed a major impact on the trabecular and cortical bone structural parameters. Furthermore, mechanical treatment with HF WBV increased the cortical thickness and reduced the medullar area in OVX rats. However, OVX trabecular bone was not affected by HF stimuli. Finally, ALN prevented OVX-associated bone loss, but the association of ALN with WBV did not lead to a synergistic bone response in OVX bone.

Conclusions

HF WBV mechanical stimulation displayed an anabolic effect on osteoporotic cortical bone, confirming its therapeutic properties for enhancing compromised bone. Additionally, its association with bisphosphonates’ administration did not produce any additive effect on the bone micro-architecture in the present study.

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to acknowledge Dr. A. Ivanova for the help with the statistical analysis. This work was supported by the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO Flanders—postdoctoral researcher K. Vandamme) and by the Brazilian Science Without Borders Program (246131/2012-8 process, Phd student G.V. Camargos; 245450/2012-2 process, Postdoctoral researcher F. Faot).

Conflicts of interest

The authors Kouki Hatori, Germana De Villa Camargos, Marissa Chatterjee, Fernanda Faot, Keiichi Sasaki, Joke Duyck, and Katleen Vandamme declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT Research Group, KU Leuven & University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    K. Hatori, G. V. Camargos, M. Chatterjee, F. Faot, J. Duyck & K. Vandamme

  2. Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan

    K. Hatori & K. Sasaki

  3. Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil

    G. V. Camargos

  4. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Prosthodontics Division, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    F. Faot

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  1. K. Hatori
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Correspondence to K. Vandamme.

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Hatori, K., Camargos, G.V., Chatterjee, M. et al. Single and combined effect of high-frequency loading and bisphosphonate treatment on the bone micro-architecture of ovariectomized rats. Osteoporos Int 26, 303–313 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-014-2857-4

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