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Increased lateral femoral condyle ratio is associated with greater risk of ALC injury in non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury

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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

To examine whether increased lateral femoral condyle ratio (LFCR) correlates with increased risk of Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury (1) and to evaluate the relationship between the LFCR and anterolateral complex (ALC) injury in non-contact ACL torn knees (2).

Methods

Six hundred and seventy-two patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed, and 120 patients were finally included in the study. Forty patients (ACL + ALC injury) were included in the study group, while forty patients with isolated ACL injury (isolated ACL injury group) and 40 patients who suffered from meniscal tear without ACL or ALC injury were matched in a 1:1 fashion by age, sex, and BMI to the study group (ACL + ALC injury). The LFCR was measured on standard lateral radiographs in a blinded fashion. The differences between the three groups were analyzed by ANOVA. A ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve was produced to determine risk of ACL injury and risk of concomitant ALC injury in non-contact ACL injury.

Results

The mean LFCR was 71.9% ± 3.1% in the ACL + ALC injury group, 68.4% ± 3.2% in the isolated ACL injury group, and 66.8% ± 2.6% in the control group (patients who suffered from meniscal tear without ACL or ALC injury). Significantly greater LFCR was found in the ACL + ALC injury group than that in the isolated ACL injury group (p < 0.017). Greater LFCR was additionally confirmed in the ACL injury group as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that LFCR > 68.3% was predictive for an increased risk of ACL injury in the entire cohort. LFCR > 69.4% was predictive for an increased risk of ALC injury in non-contact ACL ruptured patients.

Conclusion

Increased LFCR was found to be associated with greater risk of ALC injury in non-contact ACL ruptured patients. Additionally, increased LFCR was further confirmed to be correlated with increased risk of ACL injury in an Asian population. The data from this study may help recognize patients undergoing ACL reconstruction that could benefit from additional extra-articular tenodesis.

Level of evidence

III.

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Acknowledgements

The work is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO.81902293) (K.L).

Funding

This study was supported by Young Scientists Fund Grand No (81902293).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Ke Li and Xiaoqing Zheng authors have contribute equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

    Ke Li, Xi Liang & Wei Huang

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Trauma, Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Toulouse, France

    Vincent Marot & Etienne Cavaignac

  3. Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

    Jia Li

  4. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Xiaoqing Zheng

  5. Aguilera Private Clinic, Ramsey Santé, 64200, Biarritz, France

    Jérôme Murgier

  6. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Rebecca A. Seeley

Authors
  1. Ke Li
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  2. Xiaoqing Zheng
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Correspondence to Ke Li.

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This study was approved by the institutional review board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (IRB approval number: 2016-94).

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This work was performed in Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.

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Li, K., Zheng, X., Li, J. et al. Increased lateral femoral condyle ratio is associated with greater risk of ALC injury in non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 29, 3077–3084 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-06347-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-06347-0

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