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LC–MS/MS Analysis of Five Neonicotinoid Pesticides in Sheep and Cow Milk Samples Collected in Jordan Valley

  • Giorgio Fedrizzi
  • Alberto Altafini
  • Sara Armorini
  • Khaled Mefleh Al-Qudah
  • Paola RoncadaEmail author
Article
First Online:

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the presence of five neonicotinoid pesticides, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam, in sheep and cow milk samples collected from animals bred in the Jordan Valley. In this area, numerous citrus plantations are present, and these insecticides are commonly used to protect plants from pests and diseases. Thirty-seven sheep milk samples and 31 cow milk samples were analysed. The analytical method, based on a single cleanup extraction step with SPE cartridges packed with diatomaceous earth material, together with analysis by LC–MS/MS, has guaranteed average recoveries between 75.1% and 88.3%, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.5 and 1 µg/kg, respectively, for all the five neonicotinoids. LOQ was much lower than the codex maximum residues limits for these pesticides in milks. No residues of the five neonicotinoids were found in any sample at a concentration level above LOD.

Keywords

Neonicotinoids Milk Jordan Valley Pesticide residues Environment LC–MS/MS 
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Notes

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Reparto chimico degli alimentiIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini”BolognaItaly
  2. 2.Department of Veterinary Medical SciencesUniversity of BolognaOzzano dell’Emilia (BO)Italy
  3. 3.Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan

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