Correction to: The discovery of novel predictive biomarkers and early-stage pathophysiology for the transition from gestational diabetes to type 2 diabetes
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Correction to: Diabetologia
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4800-2
In vivo functional studies. (a) Schematic flow diagram of the sphingolipid metabolism pathway showing targets of FB1 (pharmacological inhibitor). (b) The in vivo study design (n ≥ 14): the control group of mice was injected with vehicle while the treatment group was injected with FB1 (1 mg/kg) daily. Every week, the weight gain and the FPG were monitored. At the end of the third week, GTT and ITT were performed. Finally, all mice were euthanised to collect whole pancreases and plasma. (c) So concentration in control and FB1-treated mice (n = 3). (d) Representative chromatogram of So. (e) Comparison of the four Cer species found to significantly differ in the SWIFT cohort (values were mean-centred [n = 3] and divided by the SD of each variable). In the boxplots (c, e), the bottom and top of the box are the Q1 and Q3 (25th and 75th percentile), respectively, and the central band is the median (Q2 or 50th percentile). The bottom whisker is located within 1.5 IQR of the lower quartile, and the upper whisker is located within 1.5 IQR of the upper quartile. (f) GTT single time point comparison between control (black line) and FB1 group (green line) at the end of 3 weeks treatment (n ≥ 7). (g) ITT single time point comparison between control (black line) and FB1 group (green line) at the end of 3 weeks treatment (n ≥ 7); inset shows AUC (mmol/l × min). (h, i) Representative insulin-stained pancreas (5 μm thickness, longitudinally sectioned through the pancreatic head-to-tail axis) from control (h) and FB1-treated mice (i); scale bars, 3 mm; insets show ×40 magnification. (j) Insulin-positive area in pancreases of control and FB1-treated mice (n ≥ 5). A two-tailed, unpaired t test was carried out for each comparison. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; unadjusted p values: *p< 0.05 vs control