Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Kinderonkologie
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Zusammenfassung
Krebserkrankungen im Kindesalter sind selten und stellten bislang kein Ziel der industriellen Arzneimittelentwicklung dar. In den letzten Jahrzehnten haben aber gerade Kinder von neuen Zytostatika profitiert, da Kinderkliniken diese systematisch mit dem Instrument der Therapiestudien der Fachgesellschaft (GPOH) in die Behandlung eingeführt haben. Heute werden in über 25 Therapieoptimierungsstudien weit über 90% der an Krebs erkrankten Kinder behandelt und über 70% dauerhaft geheilt. Da diese Therapien zu einem großen Teil außerhalb der Zulassung erfolgen, können Beobachtungen zur Arzneimittelsicherheit nur im System selbst gemacht werden. Der Artikel fasst die aktuellen gesetzlich geregelten Verfahren zur Erfassung der Sicherheit von Arzneimitteln zusammen, stellt an Beispielen den Beitrag der angeführten Strukturen und Studien zur Beurteilung der Arzneimittelsicherheit bei Kindern dar und leitet Vorschläge für eine weitere Entwicklung pädiatrisch-onkologischer Pharmakovigilanz ab.
Schlüsselwörter
Kind Pharmakovigilanz Arzneimittelsicherheit Klinische Studien KrebsDrug safety in paediatric oncology
Abstract
Malignancies in children are rare and have so far not been a focus of industrial drug development. Over the last decades, however, it was children in particular who benefited from new cytotoxic agents as paediatric centres, in joining the therapeutic trials of the German Society of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology (GPOH), have systematically introduced them. At present, over 90% of children with cancer are being treated in over 25 therapeutic studies, and more than 70% are being cured long-term. Such treatment is often given off-label, so observations on drug safety can mainly be obtained only within this system. This paper provides a summary of current legal regulations for documenting drug safety; it presents cases exemplifying the contribution of the aforementioned structures and studies on drug safety in children; and it makes a concluding proposal regarding the continued development of paediatric oncological pharmacovigilance.
Keywords
Child Pharmacovigilance Drug safety Clinical trial CancerNotes
Interessenkonflikt
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