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Axo-glial antigens as targets in multiple sclerosis: implications for axonal and grey matter injury

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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis is thought to be an autoimmune-mediated disease of the central nervous system. For many years, T-cells were regarded as the key players in the pathogenesis, and myelin of white matter was considered as the main victim. However, research during recent years showed a more complex picture. Besides T-cells, also B-cells, antibodies and the innate immunity contribute to the tissue damage. Modern imaging techniques and neuropathological examinations showed that not only myelin but also axons, cortical neurons and nodes of Ranvier are damaged. The autoimmune targets of this widespread injury are so far not known. The identification of the axo-glial proteins contactin-2 and neurofascin provides excellent examples how antibodies can induce axonal injury at the node of Ranvier and how T-cells can destruct cortical integrity. This review will discuss the pathogenic implications of an autoimmune response against these newly discovered antigens.

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Acknowledgement

Work of the authors is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 571), Verein zur Therapieforschung für Multiple Sklerose-Kranke, BMBF (krankheitsbezogenes Kompetenznetz Multiple Sklerose, Förderkennzeichen 01GI0905), Excellency Initiative of the Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Tobias Derfuss

  2. Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK

    Chris Linington

  3. Department of Neuroimmunology, Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany

    Reinhard Hohlfeld & Edgar Meinl

  4. Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany

    Reinhard Hohlfeld & Edgar Meinl

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  1. Tobias Derfuss
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  2. Chris Linington
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  3. Reinhard Hohlfeld
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  4. Edgar Meinl
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Correspondence to Edgar Meinl.

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Derfuss, T., Linington, C., Hohlfeld, R. et al. Axo-glial antigens as targets in multiple sclerosis: implications for axonal and grey matter injury. J Mol Med 88, 753–761 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-010-0632-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-010-0632-3

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