European Journal of Wood and Wood Products

, Volume 72, Issue 3, pp 385–392 | Cite as

Effect of tannin on increasing UF adhesive performance at high temperature investigated by TMA and TGA analysis

  • Michela Zanetti
  • Valerio Causin
  • Roberta Saini
  • Alessandro Cardin
  • Raffaele Cavalli
Original
First Online:
Received:

Abstract

Tannins have been largely studied as wood additives and wood adhesives. In a perspective of a desirably increased utilization of natural raw material in the wood timber industries, this study provides further and specific information on the use of condensed tannins to improve the heat resistance of urea–formaldehyde (UF) resins. The results obtained by thermomechanical and thermogravimetric analyses show that high percentage (33 and 50 %) of quebracho tannin in UF-tannin blend dramatically improves the overall UF thermal resistance, but 50 % of tannin decreases the maximum value of modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the bonded joint. The best balance between mechanical performance and decreased degradation at high temperature is obtained with 33 % of quebracho tannin. The MOE value of UF + 33 % of quebracho tannin at 260 °C is seven times greater than MOE of UF control. Thermograms show that quebracho tannin has a beneficial effect on increasing the resistance of glue-mix to degradation induced by temperature. When the content of tannin in the glue-mix is increased up to 50 %, the resin degrades completely at about 670 °C, i.e. more than 50 °C higher than neat UF resin. This improvement is related mainly to the resorcinol-type ring structure of tannin and the alkaline pH of UF + quebracho tannin glue mix that confer a higher resistance against joint degradation to UF even at elevated temperatures.

Keywords

Tannin Condensed Tannin Tannin Content Beech Wood Phenol Formaldehyde 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Michela Zanetti
    • 1
  • Valerio Causin
    • 2
  • Roberta Saini
    • 2
  • Alessandro Cardin
    • 1
  • Raffaele Cavalli
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
  2. 2.Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly

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