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Reoperations after surgery for acute subdural hematoma: reasons, risk factors, and effects

  • Jan ChrastinaEmail author
  • Čeněk Šilar
  • Tomáš Zeman
  • Michal Svoboda
  • Jan Krajsa
  • Barbora Musilová
  • Zdeněk Novák
Original Article
First Online:
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Abstract

Purpose

To analyze the reasons and patient-related and injury-related risk factors for reoperation after surgery for acute subdural hematoma (SDH) and the effects of reoperation on treatment outcome.

Methods

Among adult patients operated on for acute SDH between 2013 and 2017, patients reoperated within 14 days after the primary surgery were identified. In all patients, parameters were identified that related to the patient (age, anticoagulation, antiplatelet, and antiepileptic treatment, and alcohol intoxication), trauma (Glasgow Coma Score, SDH thickness, midline shift, midline shift /hematoma thickness rate, other surgical lesion, primary surgery—trephination, craniotomy, or decompressive craniotomy), and Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS). The reasons for reoperation and intervals between primary surgery and reoperation were studied.

Results

Of 86 investigated patients, 24 patients were reoperated (27.9%), with a median interval of 2 days between primary surgery and reoperation. No significant differences in patients and injury-related factors were found between reoperated and non-reoperated patients. The rate of primary craniectomies was higher in non-reoperated patients (P = 0.066). The main indications for reoperation were recurrent /significant residual SDH (10 patients), contralateral SDH (5 patients), and expansive intracerebral hematoma or contusion (5 patients). The final median GOS was 3 in non-reoperated and 1.5 in reoperated patients, with good outcomes in 41.2% of non-reoperated and 16.7% of reoperated patients.

Conclusions

Reoperation after acute SDH surgery is associated with a significantly worse prognosis. Recurrent /significant residual SDH and contralateral SDH are the most frequently found reasons for reoperation. None of the analyzed parameters were significant reoperation predictors.

Keywords

Brain injury Acute subdural hematoma Reoperation Contralateral subdural hematoma Decompressive craniectomy 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The paper was not supported by any grant and received no funding.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, St. Anne’s Hospital BrnoMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
  2. 2.Institute of Biostatistics and AnalysesMasaryk University Medical FacultyBrnoCzech Republic
  3. 3.Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Forensic MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic

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