Biologia Plantarum

, 38:237 | Cite as

Structural and functional alterations in radish plants induced by the phenylurea cytokinin 4-PU-30

  • E. Z. Stoynova
  • L. K. Iliev
  • G. T. Georgiev
Original Paper

Abstract

Single treatment of expanding radish leaves with N1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N2-phenylurea (4-PU-30) lead to the stimulation of root cambial tissue activity and root growth. Leaf thickness, the volume of chlorophyll (Chl) containing cells per unit leaf area, starch content in the chloroplasts, and the Chl content increased simultaneously. These alterations were associated with increased leaf net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in treated plants.

Additional key words

chlorophyll chloroplast ultrastructure fresh mass leaf anatomy net photosynthetic rate plant age root shoot starch stomatal conductance 

References

  1. Arnon, D.I.: Cooper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase inBeta vulgaris. - Plant Physiol.24: 1–15, 1949.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Bosselaers, J.P.: Cytokinin effects on leaf architecture inPhaseolus vulgaris L. - J. exp. Bot.34: 1007–1017, 1983.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. čatský, J., Pospíšilová, J., Macháčková, J., Synková, H., Wilhelmová, N., šesták, Z.: High level of endogenous cytokinins in transgenic potato plantlets limits photosynthesis. - Biol. Plant.35: 191–198, 1993.Google Scholar
  4. Eriksen, E.N.: Root formation in pea cuttings. III. The influence of cytokinin at different developmental states. - Physiol. Plant.30: 163–171, 1974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Esau, K.: Anatomy of Seed Plants. - J. Wiley and Sons, New York, 1977.Google Scholar
  6. Georgiev, G.T., Iliev, L.K., Karanov, E.N., Pulcheva, D.I.: Effect of phenylurea and purine type cytokinins on the growth and productivity of some root crop cultures. - Compt. rend. Acad. bulg. Sci.46: 85–87, 1993.Google Scholar
  7. Hayward, H.E.: The Structure of Economic Plants. - Macmillan, New York, 1938.Google Scholar
  8. Iliev, L.K.: [Main physiological properties of cytokinins.] - Fiziol. Rast. (Sofia)17: 85–101, 1991. [In Bulg]Google Scholar
  9. Iliev, L.K., Georgiev, G.T., Karanov, E.N.: A new cytokinin effect of 4-PU-30 and dropp on root crops of radish (Raphanus salivus L.). - Comp. rend. Acad. bulg. Sci.44: 95–97, 1991.Google Scholar
  10. Kuang, A., Peterson, C.M., Dute, R.R.: Pedicel abscission and rachis morphology of soybean as influenced by benzylaminopurine and the presence of pods. - Plant Growth Regul.10: 291–301, 1991.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Lichtenthaler, H.K., Buschmann, C: Control of chloroplast development by red light, blue light and phytohormones. - In: Akoyunoglou, G., Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, J.H. (ed.): Chloroplast Development, Pp. 801–816. Elsevier, Biomedical Press, Amsterdam, 1978.Google Scholar
  12. Mok, M.C., Mok, D.W.S., Turner, J.E., Mujer, C.V.: Biological and biochemical effects of cytokininactive phenylurea derivatives in tissue culture systems. - HortScience22: 1194–1197, 1987.Google Scholar
  13. Mothes, K., Engelbrecht, L.: Kinetin-induced directe transport of substances in excised leaves in the dark. -Phytochemistry1: 58–62, 1961.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Nickell, L.G.: Use of growth-regulating chemicals. - In: Raghavendra, A.S. (ed.): Physiology of Trees. Pp. 467–487. J. Wiley and Sons, New York, 1991.Google Scholar
  15. Nobel, P.S.: Introduction to Biophysical Plant Physiology. - Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1974.Google Scholar
  16. Okamoto, T., Shudo, K., Takachachi, S., Kawachi, E., Isogai, Y.: 4-pyridylureas are surprisingly potent cytokinins. The structure-activity relationship. - Chem. Pharm. Bull. Tokyo29: 3748–3750, 1981.Google Scholar
  17. Parkhurst, D.T.: Stereological methods for measuring internal leaf structure variables. - Amer. J. Bot.69:31–39, 1982.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Radin, J.W., Loomis, R.S.: Polar transport of kinetin in tissues of radish. - Plant Physiol.53: 348–351, 1974.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Rapoport, H.F., Loomis, R.S.: Interaction of storage root and shoot in grafted sugarbeet and chard. - Crop Sci.25: 1079–1084, 1985.Google Scholar
  20. Rovenská, B., Volfová, A., Chvojka, L.: The effect of cytokinin- and auxin-like substances on the anatomy and ultrastructure of vascular bundles in wheat. - Biol. Plant.26: 42–48, 1984.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Spurr, A.R.: A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy. - J. Ultrastruct. Res.26:31–43, 1969.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Stoynova, E.Z., Iliev, L.K: [Cytological observations of radish cotyledons following treatment with cytokinins of purine and urea type] - Fisiol. Rast. (Sofia)16: 10–19, 1990. [In Bulg]Google Scholar
  23. Takahashi, S., Shudo, K, Okamoto, T., Yamacha, K., Isogay, Y.: Cytokinin activity on N-phenyl-N1- (4-pyridyl)-urea derivatives. - Phytochemistry17: 1201–1207, 1978.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Torrey, J.G., Loomis, R.S.: Ontogenetic studies of vascular cambium formation in excised roots ofRaphanus sativus L.- Phytomorphology17: 401–409, 1967.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Institute of Experimental Botany, ASCR 1996

Authors and Affiliations

  • E. Z. Stoynova
    • 1
  • L. K. Iliev
    • 1
  • G. T. Georgiev
    • 1
  1. 1.M. Popov Institute of Plant PhysiologyBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria

Personalised recommendations