Isoenzyme aided selection in the transfer of mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) resistance fromMalus hupehensis to the cultivated apple
Summary
The isoenzymic geneGOT-1 was used as an indicator of ploidy levels and hybridity in the progeny of a 4x × 2x (A878/5,GOT-1 abdn × ‘Gloster 69’,GOT-lcc) cross, derived from the apomictic species (Malus hupehensis), which segregated for mildew resistance. The distinction between resistant and susceptible plants was sharp. After 3 months in a greenhouse, resistant plants showed no signs of sporulation. Of the hybrid seedlings (diploid and triploid) 78% were mildew resistant. This analysis was facilitated through the use of theGOT-lc allele, as a marker of hybridity. It appears that the prospects of transferring high mildew resistance fromM. hupehensis to the cultivated apple are promising; of the 65 hybrid resistant seedlings 18 were diploid. A similar approach in earlier generations might have facilitated the earlier transfer of this resistance to the cultivated apple.
Key words
Apple host resistance isoenzymes mildew plant breeding Podosphaera leucotricha MalusPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- Alston, F.H., 1983. Progress in transferring mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) resistance fromMalus species to cultivated apple. IOBC (WPRS) Bulletin: Integrated control in orchards. Angers 6(4): 87–95.Google Scholar
- Alston, F.H. & R.L. Knight, 1971. Fruit breeding. Transfer of mildew immunity from wildMalus species. Rep. E. Malling Res. Stn. for 1970, pp. 94–95.Google Scholar
- Batlle, I., 1993. Linkage of isoenzymic genes with agronomic characters in apple. Ph.D. Thesis, University of London, 181 pp.Google Scholar
- Darlington, C.D. & A.A. Moffet, 1930. Primary and secondary chromosome balance inPyrus. J. Genet. 22: 129–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Decourtye, L., D. Martin, Y. Lespinasse, & B. Donini, 1983. Looking for solid mutants through irradiation of egg-cells inMalus hupehensis. Acta Hort. 140: 87–90.Google Scholar
- Hart, G.E., 1983. Hexaploid wheat. In: S.L. Tanksley & T.G. Orton (Eds). Isoenzymes in plant genetics and breeding, part B, pp. 35–36. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
- Knight, R.L. & F.H. Alston, 1968. Sources of field immunity to mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) in apple. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 10: 294–298.Google Scholar
- Lespinasse, Y., 1975. Chromosome observations inMalus andPyrus, pp. 75–83. Proc. Eucarpia Fruit Sec. Symp. V, Canterbury, 1973.Google Scholar
- Lespinasse, Y., F.H. Alston, & R. Watkins, 1976. Cytological techniques for use in apple breeding. Ann. Appl. Biol. 82: 349–353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Manganaris, A.G., 1989. Isoenzymes as genetic markers in apple breeding. Ph.D. Thesis, University of London, 430 pp.Google Scholar
- Manganaris, A.G. & F.H. Alston, 1987. Inheritance and linkage relationships of glutamate oxaloacetate transammase isoenzymes in apple. 1. The geneGot-1, a marker for theS incompatibility locus. Theor. Appl. Genet. 74: 154–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Manganaris, A.G. & F.H. Alston, 1989. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase isoenzymes in apple cultivars and rootstocks. J. Hort. Sci. 64: 9–15.Google Scholar
- Manganaris, A.G. & F.H. Alston, 1992. Inheritance and linkage relationships of peroxidase isoenzymes in apple. Theor. Appl. Genet. 83: 392–399.Google Scholar
- Martinez-Zapater, J.M. & J.L. Oliver, 1985. Isoenzyme gene duplication in diploid and tetraploid potatoes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 70: 172–177.Google Scholar
- Schmidt, H., 1977. Contributions to the breeding of apomictic apple stocks. 4. On the inheritance of apomixis. Z. Pflanzenzücht 78: 3–12.Google Scholar