The introduction and recovery in the United States ofAnaphes diana [Hym.: Mymaridae], an egg parasite ofSitona weevils [Col.: Curculionidae]
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Abstract
Anaphes diana (Girault) (=Patasson lameerei Debauche), a mymarid egg parasite ofSitona spp., was introduced from Europe beginning in 1976 and is now tentatively established in the United States. Techniques are described for the separation of eggs ofSitona spp. from soil, using a series of fine-mesh sieves, water, and a saturated salt solution. Data from 9 years of sampling in an alfalfa field at Newark, Del. (>19,300 host eggs extracted), showed that the mean peak density of viable overwintering eggs ofSitona hispidulus (F.) was 14.6 per 100 cm3 of 1 cm deep surface soil. At the study site,Sitona egg densities consistently increased during the fall as a result of oviposition, peaked during January and February and decreased during the spring as a result of egg hatch. Although the incidence of parasitism byA. diana remained surprisingly low (0.29%), the fact that the species was recovered during 3 years and up to 7 years after the last release, indicates that it has colonized at the Delaware release site.
Key-Words
Anaphes diana biological control natural enemy introduction Sitona hispidulus egg densityRésumé
Anaphes diana (Girault) (=Patasson lameerei Debauche), mymaride parasite des œufs deSitona spp., provenant d'Europe, a été libéré aux Etats-Unis à partir de 1976 et il a été retrouvé dans l'Etat du Delaware. Des techniques sont décrites pour l'extraction des œufs deSitona du sol. Après 9 ans de prélèvements dans un champ de luzerne au Delaware (>19,300 œufs obtenus), la densité moyenne des œufs viables hivernant deSitona hispidulus (F.) a été 14,6 par 100 cm3 du sol (1 cm de profondeur). Bien que le niveau de parasitisme parA. diana ne dépasse pas 0,29%, le fait que cette espèce ait été retrouvée pendant 3 ans, et jusqu'à 7 ans après le dernier lâcher, indique qu'elle s'est probablement établie dans l'Etat du Delaware.
Mots Clés
Anaphes diana lutte biologique Sitona hispidulus densité des œufsPreview
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References
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