Primates

, Volume 19, Issue 4, pp 693–713 | Cite as

Socio-maternal behaviors in response to an infant birth inColobus guereza

  • Robert H. Horwich
  • Candida Wurman
Article

Abstract

A number of social behaviors were observed in a captive troop ofColobus guereza on a regular basis for eight months. These included clasping and related behaviors, forward mounts, rear mounts, presents, troop positions during rest periods, infant transfers and attempted transfers, play, and grooming. During the observation period two significant events occurred: a re-introduction of a mother and her juvenile female, and the birth of an infant to a resident female. These events caused an increase in certain adult behaviors indicating a relationship of them with similar behaviors done between mothers and infants. This similarity seemed to indicate the co-evolution of “maternal” behaviors for use in adult social interactions and the phenomenon of infant transfer or sharing. The maternal and socio-maternal behaviors and their infantile precursors are then discussed in relation to the ontogeny of behavioral forms, the ontogeny of motivation in such behaviors, and the idea of infantile regression during development and in adult life.

Keywords

Social Interaction Social Behavior Animal Ecology Rest Period Adult Life 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Ainsworth, M. D. S., S. M. V. Bell, &D. J. Staytus, 1971. Individual differences in strange-situation behaviors in one-year-olds. In:The Origins of Human Social Relations,H. R. Schaffer (ed.), Academic Press, N. Y., pp. 17–57.Google Scholar
  2. Ames, L. B. &F. L. Ilg, 1964. The developmental point of view with special reference to the principle of reciprocal neuromotor interweaving.J. Genet. Psychol., 105: 195–209.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Anthoney, T. R., 1968. The ontogeny of greeting, grooming, and sexual motor patterns in captive baboons (superspeciesPapio cynocephalus).Behaviour, 31: 358–372.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. ----, 1975. Evolution of social structure in baboons (Papio spp.): Detailed analysis of social structure in a captive group of Guinea baboons (P. papio) and a comparative review and analysis of social structure in all species of the genus. Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. of Chicago.Google Scholar
  5. Boese, G., 1973. Behavior and social organization of the Guinea baboon (Papio papio). Ph.D. Thesis, Johns Hopkins Univ.Google Scholar
  6. Bouliére, F., C. Hunkeler, &M. Bertrand, 1970. Ecology and behavior of Lowe's guenon (Cercopithecus campbelli lowei) in the Ivory Coast. In:Old World Primates,J. R. Napier &P. H. Napier (eds.), Academic Press, N. Y., pp. 297–350.Google Scholar
  7. Burton, F. D., 1972. The integration of biology and behavior in the socialization ofMacaca sylvana of Gibraltar. In:Primate Socialization,F. E. Poirier (ed.), Random House, N.Y., pp. 29–62.Google Scholar
  8. Chevalier-Skolnikoff, S., 1974. The ontogeny of communication in the stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides).Contributions to Primatology, 2: 1–174.Google Scholar
  9. DeVore, I., 1965.Primate Behavior. Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N. Y.Google Scholar
  10. Eibl-Eibesfeldt, I., 1970.Ethology—The Biology of Behavior. Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N.Y.Google Scholar
  11. ————, 1971.Love and Hate. Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N.Y.Google Scholar
  12. Furuya, Y., 1965. Grooming behavior in wild Japanese monkeys. In:Japanese Monkeys,S. A. Altmann (ed.), [Originally appeared inPrimates, 1: 47–68 (1957)].Google Scholar
  13. Gesell, A., 1939. Reciprocal interweaving in neuromotor development.J. Comp. Neurol., 70: 161–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Glander, K. E., 1975. Habitat and resource utilization: An ecological view of social organization in mantled howler monkeys. Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. of Chicago.Google Scholar
  15. Hanby, J. P. &C. E. Brown, 1974. The development of sociosexual behaviors in Japanese macaquesMacaca fuscata.Behaviour, 49: 152–196.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Harlow, H. F., 1971.Learning to Love. Ballantine Books, Inc., N.Y.Google Scholar
  17. Horwich, R. H., 1972. The ontogeny of social behavior in the gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis).Z. Tierpsychol., Beiheft 8: 1–103. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin.Google Scholar
  18. ————, 1974a. Regressive periods in primate behavioral development with reference to other mammals.Primates, 15: 141–149.Google Scholar
  19. ————, 1974b. Development of behaviors in a male spectacled langur (Presbytis obscurus).Primates, 15: 151–178.Google Scholar
  20. ---- &L. La France, 1972. The Mountain Guereza. (movie)Google Scholar
  21. ————, 1975. Maternal care and infant transfer in two species ofColobus monkeys.Primates, 16: 49–73.Google Scholar
  22. ————, 1977. Regressive growth periods as a mechanism for herd formation in Siberian ibex (Capra ibex).Zool. Garten, 47: 59–68.Google Scholar
  23. Jay, P., 1965. The common langur of North India. In:Primate Behavior,I. DeVore (ed.), Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N.Y., pp. 197–249.Google Scholar
  24. Klopfer, P. &M. S. Klopfer, 1970. Patterns of maternal care in lemurs: I. Normative description.Z. Tierpsychol., 27: 984–991.Google Scholar
  25. Kummer, H., 1967. Tripartite relations in hamadryas baboons. In:Social Communication Among Primates,S. A. Altmann (ed.), Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 63–72.Google Scholar
  26. ————, 1968. Two variations in the social organization of baboons. In:Primates,P. C. Jay (ed.), Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N.Y., pp. 293–312.Google Scholar
  27. ————, 1970. Behavioral characters in primate taxonomy. In:Old World Monkeys,J. R. Napier &P. H. Napier (eds.), Academic Press, Inc., N.Y., pp. 25–36.Google Scholar
  28. Lancaster, J. R., 1971. Play mothering: the relations between juvenile females and young infants among free-ranging vervet monkeys.Folia primat., 15: 161–183.Google Scholar
  29. ————, 1965. The annual reproductive cycle in monkeys and apes. In:Primate Behavior,I. DeVore (ed.), Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N. Y., pp. 486–514.Google Scholar
  30. Leskes, A. &N. H. Acheson, 1971. Social organization of a free ranging troop of black and white colobus monkeys (Colobus abyssinicus).Proc. 3rd Int. Congr. Primat., Zurich, 3: 22–31.Google Scholar
  31. Mason, W. A., 1965a. The social development of monkeys and apes. In:Primate Behavior,I. DeVore (ed.), Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N. Y., pp. 514–543.Google Scholar
  32. ————, 1965b. Determinants of social behavior in young chimpanzees. In:Behavior of Non-human Primates, Vol. 2,A. M. Schrier, H. F. Harlow, &F. Stollnitz (eds.), Academic Press, N.Y., pp. 19–33.Google Scholar
  33. ————, 1972. Regulatory functions of arousal in primate psychosocial development. In:Behavioral Regulators of Behavior in Primates,C. R. Carpenter (ed.), Bucknell Univ. Press, Lewisburg, Pa., pp. 19–33.Google Scholar
  34. ————, 1974. Redirectional filial attachments in rhesus monkeys: Dogs as mother surrogates.Science, 183: 1209–1211.Google Scholar
  35. Mitchell, G., 1970. Abnormal behavior in primates. In:Primate Behavior, Vol. 1,L. A. Rosenblum (ed.), Academic Press, N. Y., pp. 195–249.Google Scholar
  36. Mohnot, S. M., 1971. Some aspects of social changes and infant killing in the Hanuman langur,Presbytis entellus (Primates: Cercopithecidae) in western India.Mammalia, 35: 175–198.Google Scholar
  37. Oates, J. F., 1974. The ecology and behaviour of the black and white colobus monkey (Colobus guereza Ruppell) in East Africa. Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. of London.Google Scholar
  38. Oppenheimer, J. R., 1972. Social and communicatory behavior in theCebus monkey. In:Behavioral Regulators of Behavior in Primates,C. R. Carpenter (ed.), Bucknell Univ. Press, Lewisburg, Pa., pp. 251–271.Google Scholar
  39. Poirier, F. A., 1974. Colobine aggression: a review. In:Primate Aggression, Territoriality, and Xenophobia,R. L. Holloway (ed.), Academic Press, N.Y., pp. 123–157.Google Scholar
  40. Ransom, T. W. &T. E. Rowell, 1972. Early social development of feral baboons. In:Primate Socialization,F. E. Poirier (ed.), Random House, N.Y., pp. 105–144.Google Scholar
  41. Rosenblum, L. A., 1971. Infant attachment in monkeys. In:The Origin of Human Social Relations,H. R. Schaffer (ed.), Academic Press, N.Y., pp. 85–113.Google Scholar
  42. Rowell, T. E., 1967. Female reproductive cycles and the behavior of baboons and rhesus macaques. In:Social Communication Among Primates,S. A. Altmann (ed.), Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 15–32.Google Scholar
  43. ————, 1972. Female reproductive cycles and social behavior in primates. In:Advances in the Study of Behavior, Vol. 4,D. S. Lehrman, R. A. Hinde, &E. Shaw (eds.), Academic Press, N.Y., pp. 69–105.Google Scholar
  44. Simonds, P. E., 1965. The bonnet macaque in South India. In:Primate Behavior,I. DeVore (ed.), Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N.Y., pp. 175–196.Google Scholar
  45. ————, 1974.The Social Primates. Harper & Row, Pub., N.Y.Google Scholar
  46. Struhsaker, T. T., 1975.The Red Colobus Monkey. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
  47. Sugiyama, Y., 1967. Social organization of hanuman langur. In:Social Communication Among Primates,S. A. Altmann (ed.), Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 221–236.Google Scholar
  48. Ullrich, W., 1961. Zur Biologie und Soziologie der Colobusaffen (Colobus guereza caudatus 1885).Zool. Garten, 25: 305–368.Google Scholar
  49. van Lawick-Goodall, J., 1968. A preliminary report on expressive movements and communication in the Gombe Stream chimpanzees. In:Primates,P. Jay (ed.), Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, N.Y., pp. 313–374.Google Scholar
  50. Weber, I., 1973. Tactile communication among free-ranging langurs.Am. J. Phys. Anthrop., 38: 481–486.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  51. Wickler, W., 1967. Socio-sexual signals and their intra-specific imitation among primates. In:Primate Ethology,D. Morris (ed.), Aldine Pub. Co., Chicago, pp. 69–147.Google Scholar
  52. Wooldridge, F. L., 1971. Colobus guereza: birth and infant development in captivity.Anim. Behav., 19: 481–485.Google Scholar
  53. Zuckerman, S., 1932.Social Life of Monkeys and Apes. Harcourt-Brace, N.Y.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Japan Monkey Centre 1978

Authors and Affiliations

  • Robert H. Horwich
    • 1
  • Candida Wurman
    • 1
  1. 1.Institute of Micro-ontogenetic Ethology and Macro-cosmological Ecology, RD 1Gay MillsU.S.A.

Personalised recommendations