Hyperfine Interactions

, Volume 47, Issue 1–4, pp 237–249 | Cite as

Magnetic surfaces

  • G. Bayreuther
Oral Contributions

Abstract

The magnetic ground state, magnetic anisotropies and spin excitations of surfaces, interfaces and ultra-thin films of ferromagnetic 3d-metals are discussed. Enhanced magnetic ground state moments and altered hyperfine fields as predicted by ab initio band calculations have not been conclusively verified by experiments up to now. Future calculations should take into account dipolar fields and the role of interface roughness. Very large magnetic anisotropies are observed at magnetic surfaces and interfaces. In Ni/Cu multilayered films, the superposition of surface and stress-induced anisotropies was used to switch the easy axis of magnetization from the film plane to a perpendicular orientation by a proper choice of the Ni layer thickness. This could be an attractive possibility to develop new magnetic materials for technical applications. The temperature dependence of the spontaneous magnetization at surfaces and in ultra-thin films deviates from the behaviour of bulk material. Size effects as well as surface effects of spin wave excitations are discussed, comparing theoretical and experimental results. The need for more complete theories including surface exchange, surface anisotropy and realistic surface structures is emphasized.

Keywords

Magnetic Anisotropy Spin Wave Hyperfine Field Multilayered Film Easy Axis 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© J.C. Baltzer AG, Scientific Publishing Company 1989

Authors and Affiliations

  • G. Bayreuther
    • 1
  1. 1.Institut für Angewandte PhysikUniversitÄt RegensburgRegensburgFRG

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