Environmental Geochemistry and Health

, Volume 11, Issue 3–4, pp 163–169 | Cite as

Health risk assessment for arsenic contaminated soil

  • Brian L. Murphy
  • Amy P. Toole
  • Paul D. Bergstrom
Article
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

This paper describes risk assessment methods for two chronic exposure pathways involving arsenic contaminated soil, namely inhalation of fugitive dust emissions over a lifetime, and inadvertent soil/house dust ingestion. The endpoint in the first case is assumed to be lung cancer and in the second case skin cancer. In order to estimate exposures, inhalation rates and soil/dust ingestion rates are estimated for different age groups; indoor/outdoor time budgets for different age groups are developed; and indoor surface dust and air arsenic concentrations are estimated based on outdoor concentration measurements. Differences observed in indoor/outdoor ratios and arsenic containing dust particle size among different types of communities are noted, as well as possible relationship of particle size to bioavailability. Calculations of risk are presented using cancer potency factors developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and uncertainties in these toxicity estimates are described based on: (1) evidence that arsenic may be neither a cancer initiator nor promotor, but may act instead as a late stage carcinogen and (2) evidence that the arsenic dose-response relationship for ingestion may be nonlinear at low doses due to increasing methylation of inorganic arsenic. The first of these considerations influences the relative importance ascribed to arsenic doses in different age groups. The latter consideration indicates that the risk estimates described here are probably very conservative.

Keywords

Dust Arsenic Health Risk Assessment Dust Emission Inorganic Arsenic 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Sciences and Technology Letters 1989

Authors and Affiliations

  • Brian L. Murphy
    • 1
  • Amy P. Toole
    • 1
  • Paul D. Bergstrom
    • 2
  1. 1.Gradient Corp.CambridgeUSA
  2. 2.ARCO Coal CompanyDenverUSA

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