Neurophysiology

, Volume 7, Issue 3, pp 175–180 | Cite as

Electrical responses of olfactory structures and amygdala of dogs in the paradoxical phase of sleep

  • B. L. Ganzha
  • P. G. Bogach
Article
  • 22 Downloads

Abstract

Electrical activity of the olfactory bulb, olfactory tubercle, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and neocortex in the various phases of natural sleep was studied in chronic experiments on dogs under conditions close to those of free behavior. During paradoxical sleep it was found that a high-frequency synchronized rhythm of sinusoidal waves with a frequency of 36–42 Hz arises in the olfactory structures and amygdala. Generation of this activity during paradoxical sleep, by contrast with wakefulness, was unconnected with stimulation of the olfactory receptors and was probably purely central in origin. A study of the dynamics of the olfacto-amygdaloid rhythm during the paradoxical phase, and its comparison with somatic, autonomic, and EEG correlates of sleep, led to the conclusion that this rhythm is a specific EEG correlate of the paradoxical phase of sleep in dogs.

Keywords

Electrical Activity Olfactory Bulb Olfactory Receptor Electrical Response Sinusoidal Wave 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literature cited

  1. 1.
    P. K. Anokhin, Biology and Neurophysiology of the Conditioned Reflex [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1968).Google Scholar
  2. 2.
    P. G. Bogach and B. L. Ganzha, "Electrical activity of the amygdaloid nuclei during food behavior," in: Abstracts of Proceedings of the Third All-Union Conference on the Physiology of the Autonomic Nervous System [in Russian], Erevan (1971), p. 28.Google Scholar
  3. 3.
    P. G. Bogach and B. L. Ganzha, "High-frequency synchronized activity of the amygdala as an EEG indicator of certain psychophysiological states," in: Problems in the Physiology of the Hypothalamus [in Russian], No. 7, Kiev University Press (1973), pp. 3–18.Google Scholar
  4. 4.
    B. L. Ganzha and P. G. Bogach, "Electrical activity of the amygdala and hippocampus in the paradoxical phase of sleep," in: Sleep and Its Disturbances. Abstracts of Proceedings of a Symposium [in Russian], Moscow (1972), pp. 28–30.Google Scholar
  5. 5.
    B. L. Ganzha and P. G. Bogach, "Electrical activity of the limbic structures of the brain in paradoxical sleep," Proceedings of the 11th Scientific Conference of Physiologists of the Pedagogic Institutes of Transcaucasia [in Russian], Baku (1972), pp. 8–9.Google Scholar
  6. 6.
    B. L. Ganzha and P. G. Bogach, "Modification of the EEG16-01M electroencephalograph for recording high- and low-frequency components of the EEG signal," in: Biological and Medical Electronics (Proceedings of the 4th All-Union Conference) [in Russian], Part 1, Sverdlovsk (1972), pp. 34–36.Google Scholar
  7. 7.
    B. L. Ganzha and V. P. Glagolev, "A method of blocking olfaction in dogs during chronic experiments," Fiziol. Zh. SSSR,61, 162 (1975).Google Scholar
  8. 8.
    D. M. Gedevanishvili, The Regular Rhythm of Electrical Waves in the Human and Animal Brain [in Russian], Gruzmedgiz, Tbilisi (1955).Google Scholar
  9. 9.
    A. M. Marits, "A method of stereotaxic implantation of electrodes," Fiziol. Zh. SSSR,54, 1231 (1968).Google Scholar
  10. 10.
    L. A. Novikova and G. Ya. Khvoles, "Electrophysiological investigation of the olfactory system," Fiziol. Zh. SSSR,39, 35 (1953).Google Scholar
  11. 11.
    T. N. Oniani, E. V. Abzianidze, T. K. Kapanadze, and M. G. Kavkasidze, "Dynamics of electrical activity and excitability of some limbic and mesencephalic structures in various phases of sleep," in: Mechanisms of Sleep [in Russian], Nauka, Leningrad (1971), pp. 51–57.Google Scholar
  12. 12.
    T. N. Oniani, P. Mol'nar, and T. L. Naneishvili, "On the nature of the paradoxical phase of sleep," Fiziol. Zh. SSSR,56, 689 (1970).Google Scholar
  13. 13.
    T. N. Oniani, T. L. Naneishvili, M. G. Koridze, and E. V. Abzianidze, "Role of the amygdala and piriform cortex in regulation of animal behavior," in: Current Problems in the Activity and Structure of the Central Nervous System [in Russian], Metsniereba, Tbilisi (1968), pp. 97–127.Google Scholar
  14. 14.
    E. D. Adrian, "Olfactory reactions of the brain of the hedgehog," J. Physiol. (London),100, 459 (1942).Google Scholar
  15. 15.
    E. D. Adrian, "The electrical activity of the mammalian olfactory bulb," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,2, 377 (1950).Google Scholar
  16. 16.
    E. F. Domino and S. Ueki, "An analysis of the electrical burst phenomenon in some rhinencephalic structures of the dog and monkey," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,12, 635 (1960).Google Scholar
  17. 17.
    J. Faure and D. Vincent, "Bulbe olfactif chez le lapin au cours de la veille et du sommeil," Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol.,158, 515 (1964).Google Scholar
  18. 18.
    W. J. Freeman, "Correlation of electrical activity of prepyriform cortex and behavior in cat," J. Neurophysiol.,23, 111 (1960).Google Scholar
  19. 19.
    F. P. Gault and R. N. Leaton, "Electrical activity of the olfactory system," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,15, 299 (1963).Google Scholar
  20. 20.
    R. Hernandez-Peon, A. Lavin, C. Alcocer-Cuaron, and J. P. Marcelin, "Electrical activity of the olfactory bulb during wakefulness and sleep," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,12, 41 (1960).Google Scholar
  21. 21.
    J. R. Hughes and J. A. Mazurowski, "Studies on supracallosal mesial cortex of unanesthetized conscious mammals," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,14, 635 (1962).Google Scholar
  22. 22.
    P. R. Huttenlocher, "Evoked and spontaneous activity in single units of medial brain stem during natural sleep and waking," J. Neurophysiol.,74, 451 (1961).Google Scholar
  23. 23.
    M. Jouvet, "Neurophysiology of the states of sleep," Physiol. Rev.,47, 117 (1967).Google Scholar
  24. 24.
    G. Karmos, E. Grastyan, and J. Martin, "A comparative analysis of hypothalamic stimulation during physiological sleep and wakefulness," Activ. Nerv. Super.,11, 149 (1969).Google Scholar
  25. 25.
    F. Kasamatsu, "Spontaneous unitary discharges of the mesencephalic reticular formation during sleep and wakefulness in normal and chronically blinded cats," Brain Res.,14, 506 (1969).Google Scholar
  26. 26.
    N. Khazan and C. H. Sawyer, "Mechanisms of paradoxical sleep as revealed by neurophysiologic and pharmacologic approaches in the rabbit," Psychopharmacologia,5, 457 (1964).Google Scholar
  27. 27.
    A. Lavin, C. Alcocer-Cuaron, and R. Hernandez-Peon, "Centrifugal arousal in the olfactory bulb," Science,129, 332 (1959).Google Scholar
  28. 28.
    H. Lesse, "Rhinencephalic electrophysiological activity during emotional behavior in cats," Psychiat. Res. Rep.,12, 224 (1960).Google Scholar
  29. 29.
    R. K. S. Lim, Chan-Nao Liu, and R. L. Moffit, A Stereotaxic Atlas of the Dog's Brain, Springfield, Illinois (1960).Google Scholar
  30. 30.
    P. D. McLean, N. H. Horwitz, and F. Robinson, "Olfactory-like responses in piriform area to non-olfactory stimulation," Yale J. Biol. Med.,25, 159 (1952).Google Scholar
  31. 31.
    F. Orrego, "The reptilian forebrain. II. Electrical activity in the olfactory bulb," Arch. Ital. Biol.,99, 446 (1961).Google Scholar
  32. 32.
    R. R. Pagano and F. P. Gault, "Amygdala activity: a central measure of arousal," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,17, 255 (1964).Google Scholar
  33. 33.
    M. H. Sieck and B. M. Wenzel, "Electrical activity of the olfactory bulb of the pigeon," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,26, 62 (1969).Google Scholar
  34. 34.
    M. B. Sterman, T. Knauss, D. Lehmann, and C. D. Clemente, "Circadian sleep and waking patterns in the laboratory cat," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,19, 509 (1965).Google Scholar
  35. 35.
    J. D. Vincent, J. Paty, E. Castaing, and J. M. A. Faure, "Activité bioélectrique des structures olfactives primaires au cours du sommeil paradoxal chez le lapin," France et Parfums,13, 353 (1970).Google Scholar
  36. 36.
    R. B. Yules, J. A. Ogden, and F. P. Gault, "An implanted electrode for recording both rapid eye movements and muscle tone during sleep," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol.,20, 410 (1966).Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Plenum Publishing Corporation 1976

Authors and Affiliations

  • B. L. Ganzha
  • P. G. Bogach

There are no affiliations available

Personalised recommendations