Journal of Chemical Ecology

, Volume 19, Issue 2, pp 225–236 | Cite as

Sheep food repellents: Efficacy of various products, habituation, and social facilitation

  • Cecile Arnould
  • Jean -Pierre Signoret
Article
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Accepted:

Abstract

The study of food repulsion in ungulates is of practical importance for controlling browsing damage to forest trees and agricultural crops. Experiments with domestic sheep assessed the repulsive value of three natural and two synthetic products, using a food-choice situation. Animals were individually presented with two troughs, each containing 30 g of maize, one treated with a chemical product, and the other a control. The odor of domestic dog feces appeared to be highly repulsive, as none of the treated food was eaten, whereas 3 g ±9 and 6 g ±10 were eaten, respectively, of food treated with fetal fluids from sheep and odor of pig feces. Synthetic odors of lion feces and a commercial deer repellent were less efficient as repellents with 11 g ±13 and 14 g ±15 of food eaten, respectively. Habituation to three of the repellents was tested for a minimum of seven successive days. With dog feces, no habituation to the odor was observed. On the contrary, significant habituation (P < 0.05) was observed as early as the third trial for sheep fetal fluids and the fourth trial for the commercial repellent. To test for the effects of social facilitation, groups of four sheep including no, one, or two anosmic animals were presented with food treated with the odor of dog feces. No social facilitation was observed as none of the intact sheep ate any of the food, although the anosmic animals actively ate it throughout the test. In individual food choice tests, the odor of dog feces appeared to be an especially efficient repellent when compared with the other natural or synthetic products. Such repulsion was nearly complete, and neither habituation nor social facilitation could be observed.

Key Words

Sheep Ovis aries repellent fecal odor predator odor food choice social facilitation habituation domestic dog Canis familiaris 
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Copyright information

© Plenum Publishing Corporation 1993

Authors and Affiliations

  • Cecile Arnould
    • 1
  • Jean -Pierre Signoret
    • 1
  1. 1.Laboratoire de Comportement AnimalI.N.R.A./C.N.R.S., U.R.A. 1291NouzillyFrance

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