Phobic postural vertigo: a first follow-up
- 109 Downloads
- 46 Citations
Abstract
Seventy-eight patients with phobic postural vertigo (PPV) and 17 patients with psychogenic disorder of stance and gait (PSG) were asked to evaluate their condition 6 months to 5.5 years after their original referral and short-term psychotherapy. Two results seem most important: (1) PPV had a favourable course with a 72% improvement rate (22% of patients becoming symptom free), whereas the majority of patients with PSG (52%) remained unchanged; (2) the majority of patients with PPV experienced complete remission or considerable improvement even if their condition had lasted between 1 and 20 years prior to diagnosis. Complete remission of PSG was observed only if the disorder had been present less than 4 months; there was no improvement if it had lasted longer than 2 years. PPV can be defined as a distinct clinical entity with a relatively benign course. It can be reliably diagnosed on the basis of typical features.
Key words
Phobic postural vertigo Psychogenic disorders Postural balance Panic disorder ConversionPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- 1.Agras WS, Schapin HN, Oliveau DC (1972) The natural history of phobia. Arch Gen Psychiat 26:315–317PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 2.Ballenger IC, Burrows GD, DuPont RL, Lesser IM, Noyes R, Pecknold JC, Rifkin A, Swinson RPC (1988) Alprazolam in panic disorder and agoraphobia: result from a multicenter trial. I. Efficacy in short-term treatment. Arch Gen Psychiat 45:413–422PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 3.Barlow DH (1988) Anxiety and its disorders. Guilford, New YorkGoogle Scholar
- 4.Benedikt N (1870) Über “Platzschwindel”. Allg Wien Med Ztg 15:488–489Google Scholar
- 5.Brandt T (1991) Vertigo, its multisensory syndromes. Springer, London Berlin Heidelberg New YorkGoogle Scholar
- 6.Brandt T, Dieterich M (1986) Phobischer Attacken-Schwankschwindel, ein neues Syndrom? Münch Med Wochenschr 128:247–250Google Scholar
- 7.Eagger S, Luxon LM, Davies RA, Coelho A, Ron MA (1992) Psychiatric morbidity in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders: a clinical and neuro-otological study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 55:383–387PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 8.Fitzgerald G, Stengel E (1945) Vestibular activity to caloric stimulation in schizophrenics. J Ment Sci 91:93–100Google Scholar
- 9.Ford CV, Folks DG (1985) Conversion disorders: an overview. Psychosomatics 26:371–382PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 10.Freud S (1895) Über die Berechtigung, von der Neurasthenie einen bestimmten Symptomencomplex als “Angstneurose” abzutrennen. Neurol Zentralbl 12:50–66Google Scholar
- 11.Frommberger U, Hurth-Schmidt S, Dieringer H, Tettenborn B, Buller R, Benkert O (1993) Panikstörung und Schwindel. Zur psychopathologischen Differenzierung zwischen neurologischer und psychiatrischer Erkrankung. Nervenarzt 64:377–383PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 12.Hallpike CS, Spencer CS, Harrison AM, Slater E (1951) Abnormalities of the caloric test results in certain varieties of mental disorder. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh)39:151–159Google Scholar
- 13.Jacob RG, Moller MB, Turner SM, Wall C (1985) Otoneurological examination in panic disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks: A pilot stuy. Am J Psychiat 142:715–719PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 14.Lazare A (1981) Current concepts in psychiatry. Conversion symptoms. N Engl J Med 305:745–748PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 15.Lempert T, Dieterich M, Huppert D, Brandt T (1990) Psychogenic disorders in neurology: frequency and clinical spectrum. Acta Neurol Scand 82:335–340PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 16.Lempert T, Brandt T, Dieterich M, Huppert D (1991) How to identify psychogenic disorders of stance and gait, a video study in 37 patients. J Neurol 238:140–146PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 17.Lesser IM, Rubin RT, Pecknold JC, Rifkin A, Sinson RP, Lydiard RB, Burrows GD, Noyes R, DuPont RL (1988) Secondary depression in panic disorder and agoraphobia. I. Frequency, severity, and response to treatment. Arch Gen Psychiat 45:437–443PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 18.Lilienfeld SO, Jacob RG, Furman JMR (1989) Vestibular dysfunction followed by panic disorder with agoraphobia. J Nerv Ment Dis 117:700–701Google Scholar
- 19.Marks IM (1970) The classification of phobic disorders. Br J Psychiatry 116:337–386Google Scholar
- 20.Marks IM (1981) Space “phobia”: A pseudo-agoraphobic syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 44:387–391PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 21.Mavissakalian M (1988) The placebo effect in agoraphobia. II. J Nerv Ment Dis 176:446–448PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 22.Noyes R, Clancy J, Hoenk PR, Hymen DJ (1980) The prognosis of anxiety neurosis. Arch Gen Psychiat 37:173–178PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 23.Page NGR, Gresty MA (1985) Motorist's vestibular disorientation syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 48:729–735PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 24.Pratt RTC, McKenzie W (1958) Anxiety states following vestibular disorders. Lancet II:347–349Google Scholar
- 25.Schilder P (1933) The vestibular apparatus in neurosis and psychosis. J Nerv Ment Dis 78:1–23, 137-164Google Scholar
- 26.Trimble MR (1984) Psychiatric aspects of vertigo. In: Dix MR,Hood DD (eds) Vertigo. Wiley, Chichester, pp 345–358Google Scholar