Skip to main content
Log in

Outcome of short-term child psychiatric hospitalization: Teacher evaluation at 5-month and 12-month follow-up

  • Original Contribution
  • Published:
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This prospective follow-up study reports the outcome of children and adolescents discharged from short-term inpatient treatment based on teacher evaluations with Rutter's Questionnaire. There was a significant reduction in deviant behaviour between pretreatment and 5-month follow-up assessment but not between 5-month and 1-year follow-up. However, relatively few children fell within the normal range of non-clinically referred children. The child's more impaired general functioning, more frequent individual behaviour symptoms, antisociality and disengaged family interaction were associated with less favourable outcome. Pure affective or anxiety disorder predicted functioning within normal range and improvement in behaviour problems at follow-up. Treatment variables were not found to be associated with the outcome.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Achenbach TM (1991) Manual for the Teacher's Report Form and 1991 Profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry

    Google Scholar 

  2. Achenbach TM, McGonaughy SH, Howell CT (1987) Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: implications of crossinformant correlations for situational specifity. Psychological Bulletin 101:213–232

    Google Scholar 

  3. Agresti A (1990) Categorial Data Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, New York

    Google Scholar 

  4. American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 3rd ed. revised, APA, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  5. Asay TP, Dimperio TL (1991) Outcome of children treated in psychiatric hospitals. In: Mirin SM, Gossett JT, Grob MC (Eds), Psychiatric Treatment: Advances in Outcome Research (pp 21–29), APA Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  6. Binder BJ, Young WM, Fineman KR, Muller SJ (1978) The children's psychiatric hospital unit in the community: I. Concept and Development. American Journal of Psychiatry 135:848–851

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bird H, Canino G, Rubio-Stipec M, Rivera J (1987) Further measures of the psychometric properties of the Children's Global Assessment Scale. Archives of General Psychiatry 44:821–824

    Google Scholar 

  8. Blotcky MJ, Dimperio TL, Gossett JT (1984) Follow-up of children treated in psychiatric hospitals: A review of studies. American Journal of Psychiatry 141:499–1507

    Google Scholar 

  9. Coddington RD (1972) The significance of life events as etiological factors in the diseases of children: A study of a normal population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 16:205–213

    Google Scholar 

  10. Crowder MJ, Hand DJ (1990) Analysis of Repeated Measures. Chapman and Hall, London

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dalton R, Bolding D, Woods J, Daruna J (1987) Short-term psychiatric hospitalization of children. Hospital and Community Psychiatry 38:973–976

    Google Scholar 

  12. Dalton R, Muller B, Forman, MC (1989) The psychiatric hospitalization of children: an overview. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 19:231–244

    Google Scholar 

  13. Dixon WJ ed (1992): BMDP Statistical Software Manual, Volumes 1 and 2, University of California Press, Berkley

    Google Scholar 

  14. Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ (1987) The trait and method components of ratings of conduct disorder — Part I. Matemal and teacher evaluations of conduct disorder in young children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 28:249–260

    Google Scholar 

  15. Gossett JT, Barnhart D, Lewis JM, Phillips, VA (1977) Follow-up of adolescents treated in psychiatric hospital. Archives of General Psychiatry 34:1037–1042

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hersov L (1994) Inpatient and day-hospital units. In: Rutter M, Taylor E, Hersov L (eds), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. A Modern Approach, Blackwell, Oxford, pp 983–995

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hurme H (1981) Life Changes During Childhood. Jyväskylä Studies in Education, Psychology and Social Research 41, Jyväskylä Finland

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kazdin AE (1989) Hospitalization of antisocial children: clinical course, follow-up status, and predictors of outcome. Behavior Research and Therapy 11:1–67

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kazdin AE, Bass D (1988) Parent, teacher and hospital staff evaluations of severely disturbed children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 58:512–523

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kazdin AE, Esveldt-Dawson K, French N, Unis A (1987) Effects of parent management training and problem-solving skills training combined in the treatment of antisocial child behavior. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry 26:416–424

    Google Scholar 

  21. Kolko DJ (1992) Short-term follow-up of child psychiatric hospitalization: clinical description, predictors, and correlates. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 31:719–727

    Google Scholar 

  22. LaBarbera JD (1984) Overcontrolled children and outcome of short-term psychiatric hospitalization. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 15 21–33

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ney PG, Mulvhill D, Hanna R (1984) The effectiveness of child psychiatric inpatient care. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 29:26–30

    Google Scholar 

  24. Olson D, Russell C, Sprenkle D (1983) Circumplex model of marital and family systems: Theoretical update. Family Process 22:69–83

    Google Scholar 

  25. Olson D, McCubbin M, Barnes H, Larsen A, Muten M, Wilson M (1985) Family inventories. University of Minnesota, St Paul

    Google Scholar 

  26. Pfeiffer SI, Strzelecki SC (1990) Inpatient psychiatric treatment of children and adolescents: A review of outcome studies. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 29:847–853

    Google Scholar 

  27. Rutter M (1967) A children's behaviour questionnaire for completion by teachers: preliminary findings. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 8:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  28. Rutter M, Tizard J, Whitmore K (1970) Education, Health and Behaviour, Longman, London

    Google Scholar 

  29. Shaffer D, Gould MS, Brasic J (1983) A Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Archives of General Psychiatry 40:1228–1231

    Google Scholar 

  30. Sourander A, Leijala H, Lehtilä A, Kanerva A, Helenius H, Piha J (1996) Short-term child psychiatric inpatient treatment: place of residence as one year outcome measure. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 5:38–43

    Google Scholar 

  31. Sourander A, Helenius H, Leijala H, Heikkilä T, Bergroth L, Piha J (1996) Predictors of outcome of short-term child psychiatric inpatient treatment. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 5:75–82

    Google Scholar 

  32. Tamminen T, Almqvist F, Piha J (1991) Psychiatric symptoms in Finnish children: an epidemiological study of 1000 8-year old children in five regions of the country. Reports of Psychiatria Fennica No 91

  33. White TA, Benn R, Dross D, Schaffer-Lopez C (1979) Assessing the need for follow-up. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 10:91–102

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sourander, A., Helenius, H. & Piha, J. Outcome of short-term child psychiatric hospitalization: Teacher evaluation at 5-month and 12-month follow-up. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 5, 204–211 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00538847

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00538847

Key words

Navigation