Sedimentary structures displayed by the ultramafic rocks of Nausahi, Keonjhar District, Orissa, India
- 100 Downloads
- 3 Citations
Abstract
Gravity-controlled and other sedimentary structures exhibited by the ultramafic rocks of Nausahi, Keonjhar District, Orissa, India, are described and their significance briefly discussed. Mineral-graded and size-graded layering, slump structure and cusp textures formed by the influence of gravity, indicate that the ultramafic rocks under study have not been overturned and that the original depositional floor had a gentle north-easterly slope. The magmatic currents were locally strong enough to give rise to some characteristic structures like small-scale angular discordance, branching of chromite lamina, inclusion of one rock type in another, etc. There are also some structures resembling ripple mark and load cast. The pyroxenite dykes and veins were intruded predominantly in the solid state into the dunite-chromitite associations.
Keywords
India Solid State Characteristic Structure Mineral Resource Rock TypePreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- Borooah, S. K.: The chromite deposits of Nausahi, Keonjhar State, E.S.A., India. Trans. Mining, Geol. Met. Inst. India 44(2), 79–89 (1948)Google Scholar
- Bowen, N. L.: Crystallization differentiation in silicate liquids. Am. J. Sci., 4th Ser., 39, 175–191 (1915)Google Scholar
- -- The evolution of igneous rocks, 332 p. Princeton University Press 1928Google Scholar
- — Tuttle, O. F.: The system MgO-SiO2-H2O. Geol. Soc. Am., Bull. 60, 439–460 (1949)Google Scholar
- Buddington, A. F., Lindsley, D. H.: Irontitanium oxide minerals and synthetic equivalents. J. Petrol. 5, 310–357 (1964)Google Scholar
- Cameron, E. N.: Structure and rock sequences of the Critical Zone of the eastern Bushveld Complex. Mineral. Soc. Am. Sp. Pap. 1, 93–107 (1963)Google Scholar
- — Emerson, M. E.: The origin of certain chromite deposits of the eastern part of the Bushveld Complex. Econ. Geol. 54, 1151–1213 (1959)Google Scholar
- Chakraborty, K. L.: Chromite ores associated with ultrabasic rocks of Nausahi, Keonjhar Dist., Orissa, India — their mineralogy and genesis. Proc. Natl. Inst. Sci. India 24A, 78–88 (1958)Google Scholar
- — Geology and mineralogical characters of the Indian chromites. Econ. Geol. 60, 1660–1668 (1965)Google Scholar
- Darwin, C.: Geological observations on the volcanic islands visited during the voyage of H. M. S. Beagle, together with some brief notices on the geology of Australia and the Cape of Good Hope, 175p. Smith, Elder (London) 1844. (Cited in Wager and Brown 1968).Google Scholar
- Davies, G. L., Hess, H. H.: Radium content of ultramafic igneous rocks; pt. 2. Geological and chemical implications. Am. J. Sci. 247, 856–882 (1949)Google Scholar
- Deb, S., Chakraborty, K. L.: Trend of differentiation in the gabbro-anorthosite suite of rocks of Nausahi, Keonjhar Dt., Orissa. Proc. Natl. Inst. Sci. India 26 A, 427–435 (1960)Google Scholar
- Geikie, A., Teall, J. J. H.: On the banded structure of some Tertiary gabbros in the Isle of Skye. Quart. J. Geol. Soc. (London) 1, 645–659 (1894)Google Scholar
- Ghisler, M.: Pre-metamorphic folded chromite deposits of stratiform type in the Early precambrian of West Greenland. Mineral. Deposita (Berl.) 5, 223–236 (1970)Google Scholar
- Ghosh, A. M. N., Prasada Rao, G. H. S. V.: Some observations on the chromite occurrences of Nausahi, Keonjhar District, Orissa. Records Geol. Surv. India 82, 281–299 (1952)Google Scholar
- Grout, F. F.: Internal structures of igneous rocks: their significance and origin, with special reference to the Duluth gabbro. J. Geol. 26, 439–458 (1918)Google Scholar
- Guild, P. W.: Petrology and structure of the Moa chromite district, Oriente Province, Cuba. Am. Geophys. Union Trans. 28, 218–246 (1947)Google Scholar
- Haldar, D.: Characteristics of chromitite horizon in the ultramafic rocks of Nausahi, Orissa. Symposium on genetic problems of Indian ore deposits: Jadavpur University (1967a)Google Scholar
- — Some observations on the chromiferous ultramafic and the associated rocks around Nausahi Keonjhar Dt., Orissa. Indian Minerals 21, 196–204 (1967b)Google Scholar
- Hess, H. H.: Primary banding in norite and gabbro. Am. Geophys. Union Trans. 19, 264–268 (1938)Google Scholar
- — Extreme fractional crystallization of a basaltic magma; the Stillwater igneous complex. Am. Geophys. Union Trans. 20, 430–432 (1939)Google Scholar
- — Vertical mineral variation in the Great Dyke of Southern Rhodesia. Trans. Geol. Soc. S. Afr. 53, 159–166 (1950)Google Scholar
- -- The Stillwater igneous complex, 230 p. Geol. Soc. Am., Mem. 80 (1960)Google Scholar
- Irvine, T. N.: Origin of the ultramafic complex at Duke Island, southern Alaska. Mineral. Soc. Am., Sp. Pap., 1, 36–45 (1963)Google Scholar
- -- Sedimentary structures in igneous intrusions with particular reference to the Duke Island ultramafic complex. Society of Economic Palaeontologists and Mineralogists, Special Publication No. 12, 220–232 (1965a)Google Scholar
- — Chromian spinel as a petrogenetic indicator. Part 1: Theory. Can J. Earth Sci. 2, 648–672 (1965b)Google Scholar
- Jackson, E. D.: Primary textures and mineral associations in the ultramafic zone of the Stillwater complex, Montana. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. No. 358, 106p. (1961)Google Scholar
- — Stratigraphic and lateral variation of chromite composition in the Stillwater complex. Mineral. Soc. Am. Sp. Pap., 1, 46–54 (1963)Google Scholar
- -- Primary features of stratiform deposits. In: Prospecting for Chromite, p. 111–132 (R. Woodtli and D. Ostle, ed.). OECD Seminar: 1964Google Scholar
- -- Ultramafic cumulates in the Stillwater, Great Dyke and Bushveld intrusions. In: Ultramafic and Related Rocks, p. 20–38 (P. J. Wyllie, ed.). 1967Google Scholar
- Jones, W. R., Peoples, J. W., Howland, A. L.: Igneous and tectonic structures of the Stillwater complex, Montana. U.S. Geol. Surv., Bull. 1071-H, 281–335 (1960)Google Scholar
- Kouvo, O., Vuorelainen, Y.: Eskolaite, a new chromian mineral. Am. Mineralogist 43, 1098–1106 (1958)Google Scholar
- Mukherjee, S.: Geology, mineralogy and geochemistry of the chromite deposits of Nausahi, Keonjhar Dt., Orissa. Quart. J. Geol. Mining Met. Soc. India 34, 29–45 (1962)Google Scholar
- — The Nausahi-Nilgiri igneous complex. Geol. Soc. India, Bull. 3, 34–37 (1966a)Google Scholar
- — Indian chromites: A Discussion. Econ. Geol. 61, 964–966 (1966b)Google Scholar
- -- On some structural features of the chromite deposits of Nausahi, Keonjhar Dt., Orissa., (Abstract), Proc. 54th Indian Sci. Congr., Part III, 230–231 (1967)Google Scholar
- — Preliminary report on the sedimentary structures in the ultramafic rocks of Nausahi, Keonjhar Dt., Orissa. Quart. J. Geol. Mining Met. Soc. India 40, 189–190 (1968)Google Scholar
- — Clot textures developed in the chromitites of Nausahi, Keonjhar Dt., Orissa, India. Econ. Geol. 64, 329–337 (1969)Google Scholar
- Peoples, J. W.: Gravity stratification a criterion in the interpretation of the structure of the Stillwater complex, Montana. Rept. 16th Int. Geol. Congr., Washington, p. 353–360 (1936)Google Scholar
- Ramdohr, P.: The ore minerals and their intergrowths, 1174p. New York—London: Pergamon Press 1969Google Scholar
- Schmidt, E. R.: The structure and composition of the Merensky Reef and associated rocks on the Rustenburg Platinum mine. Trans. Geol. Soc. S. Afr. 55, 233–279 (1952)Google Scholar
- Smith, C. H.: Bay of Islands igneous complex, western Newfoundland. Can. Geol. Surv., Mem. 290, 1–132 (1958)Google Scholar
- Stoll, W. C.: Geology and petrology of the Masinloc chromite deposit, Zambales, Luzon, Philippine Islands. Geol. Soc. Am., Bull. 69, 419–448 (1958)Google Scholar
- Thayer, T. P.: Chrome resources of Cuba. U.S. Geol. Surv., Bull. 935-A, 19–27 (1942)Google Scholar
- — Preliminary chemical correlation of chromite with the containing rocks. Econ. Geol. 41, 202–217 (1946)Google Scholar
- — Mineralogy and geology of chromium. In: Chemistry of chromium and its compounds (M. J. Udy, ed.). Am. Cer. Soc. Mon. 132, 14–52 (1956)Google Scholar
- --Some critical differences between alpine-type and stratiform peridotite-gabbro complexes. Rept. 21st Int. Geol. Congr. (Norden), Part 13, 247–259 (1960)Google Scholar
- — Principal features and origin of podiform chromite deposits, and some observations on the Guleman-Soridag District, Turkey. Econ. Geol. 59, 1497–1524 (1964)Google Scholar
- Ussing, N. V.: Geology of the country around Julianehaab, Greenland. Medd. om Grønland 38, 1–426 (1912)Google Scholar
- Varma, O. P.: Chromite deposits of the Keonjhar Dt., Orissa, India. Econ. Geol. 59, 799–825 (1964)Google Scholar
- — Periods of crystallization and alteration of chromite from Keonjhar, Orissa. Mining Geol. Met. Inst. India 62, 67–79 (1965)Google Scholar
- Wadsworth, W. J.: The Kapalagulu layered intrusion of western Tanganyika. Mineral. Soc. Am., Sp. Pap., 1, 108–115 (1963)Google Scholar
- Wager, L. R.: Layering in plutonic rocks. In Basaltic Rocks (H. H. Hess, ed.). New York: Wiley 1967Google Scholar
- -- Brown G. M.: Layered igneous rocks, 588 p. Oliver and Boyd 1968Google Scholar
- — Deer, W. A.: Geological investigations in East Greenland, Pt. III. The petrology of the Skaergaard Intrusion. Medd. om Grønland 105, 1–352 (1939)Google Scholar
- Worst, B. G.: The differentiation and structure of the Great Dyke of Southern Rhodesia. Trans. Geol. Soc. S. Afr. 61, 283–354 (1958)Google Scholar
- Wyllie, P. J.: Ultramafic and related rocks, 464 p. New York: Wiley 1967Google Scholar