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Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein is Associated with Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein in Subjects with Different Levels of Cardiovascular Risk

  • Original Article
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Lipids

Abstract

Dyslipidemias and physicochemical changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are very important factors for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, pathophysiological properties of electronegative low-density lipoprotein [LDL(−)] remain a controversial issue. Our objective was to investigate LDL(−) content in LDL and its subfractions (phenotypes A and B) of subjects with different cardiovascular risk. Seventy-three subjects were randomized into three groups: normolipidemic (N; n = 30) and hypercholesterolemic (HC; n = 33) subjects and patients with CAD (n = 10). After fasting, blood samples were collected and total, dense and light LDL were isolated. LDL(−) content in total LDL and its subfractions was determined by ELISA. LDL(−) content in total LDL was lower in the N group as compared to the HC (P < 0.001) and CAD (P = 0.006) groups. In the total sample and in those of the N, HC, and CAD groups, LDL(−) content in dense LDL was higher than in light LDL (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.033, respectively) The impact of LDL(−) on cardiovascular risk was reinforced when LDL(−) content in LDL showed itself to have a positive association with total cholesterol (β = 0.003; P < 0.001), LDL-C (β = 0.003; p < 0.001), and non-HDL-C (β = 0.003; P < 0.001) and a negative association with HDL-C (β = −0.32; P = 0.04). Therefore, LDL(−) is an important biomarker that showed association with the lipid profile and the level of cardiovascular risk.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

CHD:

Cardiovascular heart diseases

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

HC:

Hypercholesterolemic

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

LDL(−):

Electronegative low-density lipoprotein

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

PAF-AH:

Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase

TC:

Total cholesterol

TAG:

Triglycerides

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Acknowledgments

The present study was financially supported by grants from FAPESP (#04/11792-6). The authors acknowledge Dr Paulo Boschcov, former professor at UNIFESP, for his revision of the final version of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, University of Sao Paulo, Av Dr Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil

    Ana Paula de Queiroz Mello, Isis Tande da Silva, Aline Silva Oliveira & Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno

  2. Lipids Laboratory (LIM 10), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Valéria Sutti Nunes

  3. Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Dulcineia Saes Parra Abdalla

  4. Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Magnus Gidlund

Authors
  1. Ana Paula de Queiroz Mello
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  2. Isis Tande da Silva
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  3. Aline Silva Oliveira
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  4. Valéria Sutti Nunes
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  5. Dulcineia Saes Parra Abdalla
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  6. Magnus Gidlund
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  7. Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno
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Correspondence to Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno.

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de Queiroz Mello, A.P., da Silva, I.T., Oliveira, A.S. et al. Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein is Associated with Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein in Subjects with Different Levels of Cardiovascular Risk. Lipids 45, 619–625 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-010-3439-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-010-3439-7

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