Abstract
Based on the taxonomic and nomenclatural recommendations of Quandt et al. (2014) new species combinations are made for Ophiocordycipitaceae. These new combinations are compliant with recent changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and the abolition of the dual system of nomenclature for fungi. These changes include 10 new combinations into Drechmeria, four new combinations into Harposporium, 23 new combinations and 15 synonymies in Ophiocordyceps, and one new combination into Purpureocillium.
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Introduction
Kirk et al. (2013) listed 11 genera of Ophiocordycipitaceae for protection as a result of changes in Art. 59 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN; McNeill et al. 2012); these include Chaunopycnis, Drechmeria, Harposporium, Hirsutella, Hymenostilbe, Ophiocordyceps, Paraisaria, Podocrella, Polycephalomyces, Sorosporella and Tolypocladium. Informed by multigene phylogenetic analyses, Quandt et al. (2014) refined this list and proposed a generic classification for Ophiocordycipitaceae comprising six monophyletic genera, including Drechmeria, Harposporium, Ophiocordyceps, Polycephalomyces, Purpureocillium and Tolypocladium. This system was used as part of a natural classification of Sordariomycetes (Maharachchikumbura et al. 2015) and new species combinations were made for Polycephalomyces (Kepler et al. 2013) and Tolypocladium (Quandt et al. 2014), but the species composition of the remaining four genera remained ambiguous. Here we introduce necessary species combinations into the genera Drechmeria, Harposporium, Ophiocordyceps and Purpureocillium. These combinations are supported by the reference multigene phylogeny presented in Quandt et al. (2014: fig 1) and previous phylogenetic analyses (e.g., Sung et al. 2007, Luangsa-ard et al. 2011).
Drechmeria W. Gams & H.-B. Jansson, Mycotaxon 22: 36 (1985).
Type: Drechmeria coniospora (Drechsler) W. Gams & H.-B. Jansson, Mycotaxon 22: 37 (1985).
Commentary: Drechmeria includes the sexually reproductive species Cordyceps gunnii, which parasitizes lepidopteran larvae (Hepialidae) buried in soil; it has a known distribution in Australia and New Zealand (Berkeley 1848, Dingley 1953). Drechmeria also includes species classified in the asexually typified genus Haptocillium, which like Drechmeria includes a number of nematode pathogenic fungi. The nematode pathogen ecology of the asexual morphs associated with this clade suggests that nematode associations may also be a frequent trophic mode for sexually reproductive species. Ten new combinations are made here, resulting in a total of twelve names of accepted species in the genus.
Drechmeria bactrospora (Drechsler) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814713
Basionym: Acrostalagmus bactrosporus Drechsler, Phytopathology 31: 782 (1941).
Synonyms: Haptocillium bactrosporum (Drechsler) Glockling, Mycologist 19: 3 (2005).
Verticillium bactrosporum (Drechsler) Subram., Kavaka 5: 98 (1977).
Drechmeria balanoides (Drechsler) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814714
Basionym: Cephalosporium balanoides Drechsler, Phytopathology 31: 786 (1941).
Synonyms: Haptocillium balanoides (Drechsler) Zare & W. Gams, Nova Hedwigia 72: 335 (2001).
Tolypocladium balanoides (Drechsler) Bissett, Canad. J. Bot. 61: 1313 (1983).
Verticillium balanoides (Drechsler) Dowsett et al., Mycologia 74: 690 (1982).
Acremonium balanoides (Drechsler) Subram., Kavaka 5: 98 (1977).
Drechmeria campanulata (Glockling) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814715
Basionym: Verticillium campanulatum Glockling, Nordic J. Bot. 17: 655 (1997).
Synonym: Haptocillium campanulatum (Glockling) Zare & W. Gams, Nova Hedwigia 73: 285 (2001).
Drechmeria glocklingiae (Zare & W. Gams) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814716
Basionym: Haptocillium glocklingiae Zare & W. Gams, Nova Hedwigia 73: 281 (2001).
Drechmeria gunnii (Berk.) Spatafora, Kepler & Quandt, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814717
Basionym: Sphaeria gunnii Berk., London J. Bot. 7: 577 (1848).
Synonym: Cordyceps gunnii (Berk.) Berk., in Hooker, Bot. Antarct. Voy., III, Fl. Tasman. 2: 278 (1860).
Drechmeria obovata (Drechsler) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814718
Basionym: Acrostalagmus obovatus Drechsler, Phytopathology 31: 784 (1941).
Synonyms: Haptocillium obovatum (Drechsler) Glockling, Mycologist 19: 4 (2005).
Verticillium obovatum (Drechsler) Subram., Kavaka 5: 98 (1977).
Drechmeria rhabdospora (Zare & W. Gams) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814719
Basionym: Haptocillium rhabdosporum Zare & W. Gams, Nova Hedwigia 73: 288 (2001).
Drechmeria sinensis (K.Q. Zhang et al.) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814720
Basionym: Verticillium sinense K.Q. Zhang et al., Mycol. Res. 100: 1481 (1996).
Synonym: Haptocillium sinense (K.Q. Zhang et al.) Zare & W. Gams, Nova Hedwigia 73: 287 (2001).
Drechmeria sphaerospora (Goodey) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814721
Basionym: Verticillium sphaerosporum Goodey, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 34: 272 (1951).
Synonym: Haptocillium sphaerosporum (Goodey) Zare & W. Gams, Nova Hedwigia 73: 278 (2001).
Drechmeria zeospora (Goodey) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814722
Basionym: Acrostalagmus zeosporus Drechsler, Phytopathology 36: 216 (1946).
Synonyms: Haptocillium zeosporum (Drechsler) Zare & W. Gams, Nova Hedwigia 73: 282 (2001).
Verticillium zeosporum (Drechsler) Glockling, Nordic J. Bot. 17: 658 (1997).
Harposporium Lohde, Tagebl. Versamm. Dt. Naturf. Ärzte (Breslau) 47: 206 (1874).
Type: Harposporium anguillulae Lohde emend. Zopf, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 52: 339 (1888).
Commentary: Harposporium includes the sexually reproductive species of Podocrella, which typically parasitize coleopteran larvae buried in wood (Chaverri et al. 2005). The taxonomic history of these fungi has been unstable with species classified in Cordyceps, Ophiocordyceps and Wakefieldiomyces. Like Drechmeria, Harposporium asexual morphs are pathogens of nematodes suggesting that nematode associations may be a frequent trophic mode for sexually reproductive species, as well. Four new combinations are made here, resulting in a total of 37 names of accepted species in the genus.
Harposporium fuscum (Chaverri & K.T. Hodge) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814723
Basionym: Podocrella fusca Chaverri & K.T. Hodge, Mycologia 97: 438 (2005).
Harposporium harposporiferum (Samuels) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814724
Basionym: Atricordyceps harposporifera Samuels, N.Z. J. Botany 21: 174 (1983).
Synonym: Podocrella harposporifera (Samuels) Chaverri & Samuels, Mycologia 97: 439 (2005).
Harposporium peltatum (Wakef.) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814725
Basionym: Cordyceps peltata Wakef., Bull. Misc. Inf., Kew: 74 (1916).
Synonyms: Podocrella peltata (Wakef.) Chaverri & K.T. Hodge, Mycologia 97: 441 (2005).
Wakefieldiomyces peltatus (Wakef.) Kobayasi, Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B 7: 2 (1981); as “peltata”.
Ophiocordyceps peltata (Wakef.) Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 16: 74 (1931).
Harposporium poronioides (Seaver) Spatafora & Kepler, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814726
Basionym: Podocrella poronioides Seaver, Mycologia 20: 57 (1928).
Ophiocordyceps Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 16: 74 (1931).
Type: Ophiocordyceps blattae (Petch) Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 16: 74 (1931).
Commentary: New combinations are made for species that were recently demonstrated to be members of Ophiocordyceps including Cordyceps annullata, Stilbella buquetii and Tilachlidiopsis nigra (Quandt et al. 2014), as well as species classified in Hymenostilbe, Paraisaria, Podonectria and Syngliocladium, which were demonstrated to have a phylogenetic affinity with the genus (Hodge et al. 1998, Sung et al. 2007, Quandt et al. 2014). All anticipated species recombinations are not made for Podonectria, because additional sampling of other species is needed to confirm their placement in Ophiocordyceps. Similarly, due to the polyphyletic distribution across multiple families of Hypocreales, the genus Hirsutella will be treated separately elsewhere. Twenty-three new combinations and fifteen synonymies with existing names are made here, resulting in a total of 223 names of accepted species in the genus.
Ophiocordyceps acridiora (H.C. Evans & P.A. Shah) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814728
Basionym: Syngliocladium acridiorum H.C. Evans & P.A. Shah, Mycol. Res. 106: 741 (2002).
Ophiocordyceps acridiora var. madagascariensis (H.C. Evans & P.A. Shah) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814729
Basionym: Syngliocladium acridiorum var. madagascariensis H.C. Evans & P.A. Shah, Mycol. Res. 106: 741 (2002).
Ophiocordyceps annullata (Kobayasi & Shimizu) Spatafora, Kepler & Quandt, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814730
Basionym: Cordyceps annullata Kobayasi & Shimizu, Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B 8: 91 (1982).
Ophiocordyceps aphidis (Petch) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814731
Basionym: Hymenostilbe aphidis Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 25: 259 (1942) [“1941”].
Ophiocordyceps arachneicola (Kobayasi) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 40 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps arachneicola Kobayasi, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Bunrika Daig., sect. B 5: 123 (1941)
Synonym: Hymenostilbe kobayasii Koval, Nov. Sist. Niz. Rast. 13: 206 (1976).
Ophiocordyceps aranearum (Petch) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814732
Basionym: Syngliocladium aranearum Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 17: 177 (1932).
Ophiocordyceps australiensis (Mains) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814733
Basionym: Hymenostilbe australiensis Mains, Mycologia 40: 411 (1948).
Ophiocordyceps blattae (Petch) Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 16: 74 (1931).
MycoBank MB431869
Basionym: Cordyceps blattae Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 10: 35 (1924).
Synonym: Hymenostilbe ventricosa Hywel-Jones, Mycol. Res. 99: 1201 (1995).
Ophiocordyceps buquetii (Mont. & C.P. Robin) Spatafora, Kepler & Quandt, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814734
Basionym: Stilbum buquetii Mont. & C.P. Robin, in Robin, Hist. Nat. Végét. Paras. Homme Anim. Viv.: 640 (1853).
Synonyms: Stilbella buquetii (Mont. & C.P. Robin) Samson & H.C. Evans, Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., ser. C, Biol. Med. Sci. 84: 290 (1981).
Stilbella buquetii var. formicarum (Cooke & Massee) Samson & H.C. Evans, Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., ser. C, Biol. Med. Sci. 84: 290 (1981).
Stilbum formicarum Cooke & Massee, Grevillea 18: 8 (1889).
Isaria buquetii (Mont. & C.P. Robin) Lloyd, Mycol. Writ. 7: 1119 (1922).
Ophiocordyceps campanoti (Mains) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814735
Basionym: Hymenostilbe campanoti Mains, Mycologia 42: 586 (1950); as “camponoti”.
Ophiocordyceps cicadellidicola (Kobayasi & Shimizu) Spatafora, Kepler & Quandt, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814736
Basionym: Podonectria cicadellidicola Kobayasi & Shimizu, Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B 3: 95 (1977).
Ophiocordyceps citrina (Kobayasi & Shimizu) Spatafora, Kepler & Quandt, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814737
Basionym: Podonectria citrina Kobayasi & Shimizu, Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B 3: 97 (1977).
Ophiocordyceps clavulata (Schwein.) Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 18: 53 (1933).
MycoBank MB251478
Basionym: Sphaeria clavulata Schwein., Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 4: 188 (1834) [“1832”].
Synonym: Xylaria clavulata (Schwein.) Berk. & M.A. Curtis, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 10: 380 (1869) [“1868”].
Torrubia clavulata (Schwein.) Peck, Ann. Rep. N.Y. St. Mus. Nat. Hist. 28: 70 (1876).
Cordyceps clavulata (Schwein.) Ellis & Everh., N. Amer. Pyren.: 61 (1892).
Isaria lecaniicola Jaap, Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb. 50: 49 (1909).
Hymenostilbe lecaniicola (Jaap) Mains, Mycologia 42: 582 (1950).
Ophiocordyceps cleoni (Wize) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814738
Basionym: Acremonium cleoni Wize, Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math. Nat.: 719 (1905) [“1904”].
Synonym: Syngliocladium cleoni (Wize) Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 25: 263 (1942).
Ophiocordyceps curculionum (Tul. & C. Tul.) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 41 (2007).
Basionym: Torrubia curculionum Tul. & C. Tul., Select. Fung. Carpol. 3: 20 (1865).
Synonyms: Cordyceps curculionum (Tul. & C. Tul.) Sacc., Michelia 1: 320 (1879).
Cordyceps bicephala subsp. curculionum (Tul. & C. Tul.) Moureau, Mém. Inst. Roy. Colonial Belge 7: 50 (1949).
Isaria melanopus Speg., Boln Acad. Nac. Cienc. Córdoba 11: 616 (1889).
Hymenostilbe melanopoda (Speg.) Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 16: 209 (1931).
Ophiocordyceps dipterigena (Berk. & Broome) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 42 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps dipterigena Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 111 (1875) [“1873”]. Hymenostilbe dipterigena Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 16: 212 (1931).
Ophiocordyceps entomorrhiza (Dicks.) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 42 (2007).
Basionym: Sphaeria entomorrhiza Dicks., Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 1: 22 (1785).
Synonyms: Xylaria entomorhiza (Dicks.) Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 511 (1821)
Cordyceps entomorrhiza (Dicks.) Fr., Summa Veg. Scand. 2: 567 (1849).
Tilachlidiopsis nigra Yakush. & Kumaz., Bot. Mag., Tokyo 44: 461 (1930).
Ophiocordyceps forquignonii (Quel.) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 43 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps forquignonii Quél., 16th Suppl. Champ. Jura et Vosges: 6 (1887).
Synonym: Hymenostilbe muscaria Petch, Naturalist (Hull) 1931: 101 (1931).
Ophiocordyceps furcata (Aung et al.) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814739
Basionym: Hymenostilbe furcata Aung et al., Mycotaxon 97: 243 (2006).
Ophiocordyceps ghanensis (Samson & H.C. Evans) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814740
Basionym: Hymenostilbe ghanensis Samson & H.C. Evans, Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., ser. C, Biol. Med. Sci. 78: 76 (1975).
Ophiocordyceps gracilis (Grev.) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 43 (2007).
Basionym: Xylaria gracilis Grev., Scott. Crypt. Fl.: t. 86 (1824).
Synonyms: Cordyceps gracilis (Grev.) Durieu & Mont., in Durieu, Expl. Sci. Alg. 1 (12): 449 (1849).
Cordyceps entomorrhiza var. gracilis (Grev.) Cooke, Grevillea 12: 102 (1884).
Paraisaria dubia (Delacr.) Samson & B.L. Brady, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 81: 285 (1983).
Ophiocordyceps gracilioides (Kobayasi) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 43 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps gracilioides Kobayasi, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Bunrika Daig., sect. B 5: 140 (1941).
Synonyms: Isaria gracilioides Kobayasi, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Bunrika Daig., sect. B 5: 231 (1941).
Paraisaria gracilioides (Kobayasi) C.R. Li et al., Mycosystema 23: 165 (2004).
Ophiocordyceps ichneumonophila (van Vooren & Audibert) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814741
Basionym: Hymenostilbe ichneumonophila van Vooren & Audibert, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 74: 228 (2005).
Ophiocordyceps intricata (Petch) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814742
Basionym: Syngliocladium intricatum Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 25: 264 (1942).
Ophiocordyceps irangiensis (Moureau) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 43 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps irangiensis Moureau, Lejeunia Mém. 15: 33 (1961).
Synonym: Hymenostilbe aurantiaca Hywel-Jones, Mycol. Res. 100: 617 (1996).
Ophiocordyceps lloydii (H.S. Fawc.) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 44 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps lloydii H.S. Fawc., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.: 317 (1886).
Synonym: Hymenostilbe formicarum Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 16: 218 (1931).
Ophiocordyceps longispora (Samson & H.C. Evans) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814743
Basionym: Hymenostilbe longispora Samson & H.C. Evans, Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., ser. C, Biol. Med. Sci. 78: 74 (1975).
Ophiocordyceps lutea (Moureau) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 44 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps lutea Moureau, Mém. Inst. Roy. Colonial Belge 7: 41 (1949).
Synonym: Hymenostilbe sulphurea Samson & H.C. Evans, Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., ser. C, Biol. Med. Sci. 78: 76 (1975).
Ophiocordyceps novae-zelandiae (Dingley) B.
Shrestha, G.-H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov. MycoBank MB814745
Basionym: Cordyceps novae-zelandiae Dingley, Trans. Roy. Soc. N.Z. 81: 337 (1953); as “novae-zealandiae”.
Ophiocordyceps nutans (Pat.) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 45 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps nutans Pat., Bull. Soc. Mycol. Fr. 3: 127 (1887).
Synonym: Cordyceps bicephala subsp. nutans (Pat.)
Moureau, Mém. Inst. Roy. Colonial Belge 7: 47 (1949).
Hymenostilbe nutans Samson & H.C. Evans, Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., ser. C, Biol. Med. Sci. 78: 78 (1975).
Ophiocordyceps odonatae (Kobayasi) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 45 (2007).
Basionym: Cordyceps odonatae Kobayasi, Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B 7: 6 (1981).
Synonym: Hymenostilbe odonatae Kobayasi, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Bunrika Daig., sect. B 5: 223 (1941).
Ophiocordyceps paramyrmicarum B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, nom. nov.
MycoBank MB814744
Basionym (replaced name): Paraisaria myrmicarum H.C. Evans et al., Fungal Biology 114: 455 (2010).
Non Ophiocordyceps myrmicarum D.R. Simmons & Groden, J. Invert. Path. 125: 26 (2015).
Ophiocordyceps pseudogibellulae (Samson et al.) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814746
Basionym: Torrubiella pseudogibellulae Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 31: 127 (1989).
Synonyms: Gibellula formicarum Mains, Mycologia 41: 309 (1949).
Pseudogibellula formicarum (Mains) Samson & H.C. Evans, Acta Bot. Neerl. 22: 524 (1973).
Non Ophiocordyceps formicarum (Kobayasi) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 43 (2007).
Ophiocordyceps siamensis (Hywel-Jones) Mongkolsamrit & Luangsa-ard, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814747
Basionym: Torrubiella siamensis Hywel-Jones, Mycol. Res. 99: 331 (1995).
Ophiocordyceps sobolifera (Hill ex Watson) G.H. Sung et al., Stud. Mycol. 57: 46 (2007).
Basionym: Clavaria sobolifera Hill ex Watson, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London: 271 (1763).
Synonyms: Sphaeria sobolifera (Hill ex Watson) Berk., London J. Bot. 2: 207 (1843).
Torrubia sobolifera (Hill ex Watson) Tul. & C. Tul., Select. Fung. Carpol. 3: 10 (1865).
Cordyceps sobolifera (Hill ex Watson) Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 110 (1875) [“1873”].
Beauveria sobolifera Zuo Y. Liu et al., Fungal Div. 7: 64 (2001).
Ophiocordyceps spiculata (B. Huang et al.) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814748
Basionym: Hymenostilbe spiculata B. Huang et al., Mycosystema 17: 194 (1998).
Ophiocordyceps tetanopsis (K.T. Hodge et al.) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814749
Basionym: Syngliocladium tetanopsis K.T. Hodge et al., Mycologia 90: 750 (1998).
Ophiocordyceps verrucosa (Mains) B. Shrestha, G.H. Sung & Spatafora, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814750
Basionym: Hymenostilbe verrucosa Mains, Mycologia 42: 587 (1950).
Purpureocillium Luangsa-ard et al., FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 321: 144 (2011).
Type: Purpureocillium lilacinum (Thom) Luangsa-ard et al., FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 321: 144 (2011).
Commentary: Purpureocillium includes the sexually reproducing species Cordyceps cylindrica Petch 1937 which parasitizes trapdoor spiders. This species is linked to the asexual morph Nomuraea atypicola, also a spider pathogen. Purpureocillium also includes P. takamizusanense, and Ban et al. 2015 is an asexual morph that has been linked to the sexual morph Cordyceps ryogamimontana Kobayasi 1963 (Ban et al. 2015). Nomuraea Maubl. 1903 included green-spored species, which were classified in Metarhizium (Kepler et al. 2014); all purple- to lilac-spored species are classified here in Purpureocillium. One new combination is made here, resulting in a total of twelve names of accepted species in the genus.
Purpureocillium atypicolum (Petch) Spatafora, Hywel-Jones & Luangsa-ard, comb. nov.
MycoBank MB814727
Basionym: Isaria atypicola Yasuda, Bot. Mag., Tokyo 29: 117 (1915).
Synonyms: Nomuraea atypicola (Yasuda) Samson, Stud. Mycol. 6: 84 (1974).
Spicaria atypicola (Yasuda) Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 23: 140 (1939).
Cordyceps cylindrica Petch, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 21: 46 (1937).
Conclusions
We present species combinations for Ophiocordycipitaceae that are consistent with the abolition of Art. 59 of the ICN (McNeill et al. 2012) and the recommendations of Quandt et al. (2014). Six genera are currently recognized within the family and all include at least one species formerly classified in Cordyceps sensu Kobayasi (1941) and Mains (1958) and multiple species classified in several asexually typified genera. The principles of monophyly and priority were enforced in all cases and resulted in a total of 38 new combinations and 15 synonymies. We have purposefully reserved the treatment of Hirsutella for a subsequent publication; it is a large and complex genus and the genus name has been applied to a broad and heterogenous group of fungi across several families of Hypocreales (Sung et al. 2007). Many species currently classified in Hirsutella will be ultimately transferred to Ophiocordyceps, but many will also be accommodated in other genera and more detailed taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses are required.
References
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Acknowledgements
G H Sung and B Shrestha acknowledge the financial support of the Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural and Technology Development (PJ009241) of Rural Development Administration, Korea. N L H-J would like to thank Morakot Tanticharoen for her continued support of the BIOTEC insect-fungus programme over many years. J W S acknowledges financial support (DEB-1258162) from the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
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Spatafora, J.W., Quandt, C.A., Kepler, R.M. et al. New 1F1N Species Combinations in Ophiocordycipitaceae (Hypocreales). IMA Fungus 6, 357–362 (2015). https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2015.06.02.07
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2015.06.02.07