Abstract
The use of soil nitrogen by spring wheat plants in sod-podzolic medium loamy soil enriched with a stable nitrogen isotope 15N was researched in a model experiment involving the application of ammonium nitrate and white mustard biomass and seed inoculation with associative nitrogen fixer Rhizoagrin. It is established that plants primarily consume nitrogen contained in the recently applied mineral fertilizer. After the application of white mustard biomass and seed inoculation with Rhizoagrin, spring wheat consumes soil nitrogen; after the combined application of the above components and ammonium nitrate, spring wheat consumes both soil nitrogen and nitrogen contained in the fertilizer. The plant biomass accumulation increases predominantly due to nitrogen contained in the recently applied mineral fertilizer, regardless of whether it was applied separately or in combination with green manure and seed inoculation with the biopreparation. The increase in the plant biomass accumulation reaches 14–28% in comparison with the control variant (no fertilizers). After the application of the nitrogen fertilizer, either separately or in combination with green manure and the biopreparation, the concentration of nitrogen in spring wheat increases by up to 1.5 times. A clear upward trend is observed in relation to the nitrogen concentration in plants after the application of white mustard biomass and seed inoculation with Rhizoagrin. As a result, the total nitrogen accumulation in plants increases twofold after the application of the nitrogen fertilizer and by 1.2 times after the application of white mustard biomass and seed inoculation with the biopreparation. This is due to the presence of nitrogen compounds available to plants in the growing medium. The accumulation of 15N in plants characterizes the consumption of soil nitrogen by them. This parameter decreases after the application of the nitrogen fertilizer and remains equal to that in the control variant (no fertilizers) after the application of white mustard biomass and Rhizoagrin. This indicates that plants consume large amounts of mineralized soil nitrogen after the application of the two latter components and that nitrogen fertilizer is not a factor in the mineralization of soil organic matter. The application of white mustard biomass prior to spring wheat sowing and inoculation of its seeds with Rhizoagrin ensure that plants consume soil nitrogen in the initial vegetation period.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Laktionov, Yu.V., Kozhemyakov, A.P., Yakhno, V.V., Korchagin, V.I., and Sumina, N.A., Productivity and quality of agricultural products using biological products, Agromir Chernozem’ya, 2013, nos. 1–2, pp. 24–25.
Koval’skaya, N.Yu., Lobakova, E.S., Biabani, A.Kh., and Umarov, M.M., Paranodulation of the roots of non-leguminous plants (on the example of Brassica napus var. napus and Triticum aestivum), Dokl. Ekol. Pochvoved., 2006, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 102–118.
Tikhonovich, I.A. and Zavalin, A.A., Prospects for the use of nitrogen-fixing and phytostimulating microorganisms to increase the efficiency of the agro-industrial complex and improve the agro-ecological situation of the Russian Federation, Plodorodie, 2016, no. 5, pp. 28–32.
Shabaev, V.P., Optimization of the mineral nutrition of cereals and spring rape by inoculation with rhizospheric bacteria stimulating plant growth, Agrokhimiya, 2011, no. 9, pp. 29–42.
Gamzikov, G.P., Agrokhimiya azota v agrotsenozakh (Agrochemistry of Nitrogen in Agrocenoses), Novosibirsk: Ross. S-kh. Akad., Sib. Otdel., Novosib. Gos. Agrarn. Univ., 2013.
Galal, Y.G.M., El-Ghandour, I.A., El-Alel, E.A., Horst, W.J., and Schenk, M., Stimulation of wheat growth and N fixation through Azospirillum and Rhizobium inoculation: A field trial with 15N techniques, in Plant Nutrition, Springer, 2001, pp. 666–667.
Alferov, A.A. and Chernova, L.S., Influence of fertilizers, biomass of white mustard, and biopreparation rhizoagrin on yield and grain quality of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and sustainability of the agroecosystem, Russ. Agric. Sci., 2018, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 546–550. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367418060022
Alferov, A.A., Chernova, L.S., and Kozhemyakov, A.P., Efficacy of biopreparation for the spring wheat in the European part of Russia on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition, Russ. Agric. Sci., 2018, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 53–57. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367418010044
Berdnikov, A.M., Chmel’, E.P., Potapenko, L.V., and Krizskaya, M.A., The agroecological and resource-saving role of crop rotation (based on lysimetric studies), Agroekol. Zh., 2014, no. 2, pp. 38–43.
Avilov, A.S., Sokolov, O.A., Zavalin, A.A., and Shmyreva, N.Ya., The transformation of nitrogen from white mustard biomass, Dostizh. Nauki Tekh. Agroprom. Kompleksa, 2016, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 29–31.
Semenov, V.M. and Khodzhaeva, A.K., Agroecological functions of plant residues in soil, Agrokhimiya, 2006, no. 7, pp. 63–81.
Matyuk, N.S., Selitskaya, O.V., and Soldatova, S.S., The role of siderates and straw in stabilizing the processes of transformation of organic matter in sod-podzolic soil, Izv. Timiryazevsk. S-kh. Akad., 2013, no. 3, p. 63.
Zavalin, A.A. and Sokolov, O.A., Potoki azota v agroekosisteme: Ot idei D.N. Pryanishnikova do nashikh dnei (Nitrogen Flows in the Agroecosystem: From the Ideas of D.N. Pryanishnikov to the Present), Moscow: Vseross. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Agrokhim., 2016.
Steinbach, H.S., Alvarez, R., and Valente, C.R., Balance between mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen as affected by soil mineral nitrogen level, Agrochimica, 2004, vol. 48, nos 5-6, pp. 204–212.
Manzoni, S. and Porporato, A., Soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization: Theory and models across scales, Soil Biol. Biochem., 2009, no. 41, pp. 1355–1379.
Koren'kov, D.A., Agroekologicheskie aspekty primeneniya azotnykh udobrenii (Agroecological Aspects of the Use of Nitrogen Fertilizers), Moscow: Agrokonsalt, 1999.
Tikhonovich, I.A., Kozhemyakov, A.P., Chebotar’, V.K., Kruglov, Yu.V., Kandybin, N.V., and Laptev, G.Yu., Biopreparaty v sel’skom khozyaistve. Metodologiya i praktika primeneniya mikroorganizmov v rastenievodstve i kormoproizvodstve (Biological Preparations in Agriculture. Methodology and Practice of Using Microorganisms in Crop Production and Fodder Production), Moscow: VNIISKhM, 2005.
Otsenka effektivnosti mikrobnykh preparatov v zemledelii (Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Microbial Preparations in Agriculture), Moscow: Rossel’khozakademiya, 2000.
Osobennosti primeneniya metodov s ispol’zovaniem izotopov azota v agrokhimicheskikh issledovaniyakh (Features of the Application of Methods Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Agrochemical Studies), Moscow: VIUA, 1990.
Funding
The work was partially supported by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research 18-016-00048.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
Translated by L. Emeliyanov
About this article
Cite this article
Zavalin, A.A., Chernova, L.S., Sapozhnikov, S.N. et al. Consumption of Soil Nitrogen by Plants under the Application of a Mineral Fertilizer, Green Manure, and Biopreparation (the study involves 15N). Russ. Agricult. Sci. 46, 39–42 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3103/S106836742001019X
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S106836742001019X