Abstract—The present research was conducted to study the association among morphological and yield related traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Ten accessions of sunflower were grown in research area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad following Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The data were recorded on quantitative traits i.e., plant height, number of leaves per plant, days to 50% maturity, leaf area, head diameter, stem girth, achene weight per plant and 100 achene weight and qualitative traits i.e. leaf shape, head shape, head angle at maturity, achene colour, achene stripes. The recorded data were subjected to analysis of variance, correlation and path analysis. Significant differences for all the accessions were found for all quantitative traits. Test of independence revealed that bird damage depends on the head angle and head shape. Highest heritability was recorded for plant height followed by stem girth and days to 50% maturity indicated highest contribution of genotypes in expressions of these traits. Both Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients were estimated of these traits among accessions. Days to 50% maturity, Plant height, leaf area and number of leaves per plant showed significant and positive correlation on achene weight per plant. In path coefficient analysis all traits had positive direct effect except 100 achene weight and leaf area. Head diameter and number of leaves per plant had positive indirect effect through days to 50% maturity on achene weight per plant while stem girth and 100 achene weight had positive indirect effect through plant height on achene weight per plant. The accessions J-1, J-2, J-3 and J-8 showed better performance for the leaf area, days to 50% maturity, head diameter, achene weight per plant and 100 achene weight. These accessions may be further used for the development of high achene weight per plant sunflower cultivars. It is suggested that days to 50% maturity, plant height and number of leaves per plant may be used as selection criteria for future breeding strategy.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Govt. of Pakistan. Pakistan Economic Survey, Ministry of Finance, Economic Advisor’s Wing, Islamabad, 2015–2016.
Reddy, S.R., Agronomy of Field Crops, Kalyani Publishers, 2006.
Wahid, A., Noreen, A., Basra, S.M.A., Gelani, S., and Farooq, M., Priming-induced metabolic changes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) achene improve germination and seedling growth, Bot. Stud., 2008, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 343–350.
Ejaz-ul-Hassan, S. and Medhi, S.S., Bird damage resistance in sunflower, Pak. J. Agric., 2000, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 13–16.
Parafitt, D.E., Relationship of morphological plant characteristics of sunflower to bird feeding, Can, J. Plant Sci., 1984, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 37–42.
Bullard, R.W., Characteristics of Bird-Resistance in Agricultural Crop, Univ. California Davis, 1988.
Ashok, S., Sheriff, N.M., and Narayanan, S.L., Combining ability studies in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Crop Res. Hisar, 2000, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 457–462.
Markinkovic, R., Path coefficient analysis of some yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Euphytica, 1992, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 201–205.
Sujatha, H.L. and Chikkadevaiah, N., Genetic variability study in sunflower inbreds, Helia, 2002, vol. 25, no. 37, pp. 93–100.
Steel, R.G., Torrie, J.H., and Dickey, D.A., Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach, New York: McGraw Hill Book Co., 1997.
Burton, G.W. and Devane, E.H., Estimating heritability in tall fescus (Fescuea arundinancea) from replicated colonal material, Agron. J., 1953, vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 478–481.
Kown, S.H. and Torrie, J.H., Heritability and inter-relationship among traits of two soybean populations, Crop Sci., 1964, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 196–198.
Dewey, D.R. and Lu, K.H., A correlation and path analysis of components of crested wheat grass seed production, Agron. J., 1959, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 515–518.
Safavi, S.M., Safavi, A.S., and Safavi, S.A., Heritability and genetic gain of some morphological traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuss L.), Am. J. Sci. Res., 2011, vol. 17, pp. 27–31.
Amin El Sir, A., Abdallah, A.A., Banaga, E.A., and Mohamed, Y.M., Heritability, genetic advance and correlation of some traits in six sunflower generations (Helianthus annuus L.)., Int. J. Res. Agric. Res., 2016, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1–13.
Aslam, M. and Ashfaq, M., Character association and path coefficient analysis sunflower, Crop Res., 2000, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 453–456.
Syed, W.H., Syed, S.M., and Husnain, S., Variability for agronomic triats in sunflower random mating populations: Correlations estimated gains from selection and correlated responses to selection, Helia, 2004, vol. 27, no. 41, pp. 85–98.
Ilahi, F., Tahir, M.H.N., and Sadaqat, H.A., Correlation and path coefficient analysis for achene yield and yield components in sunflower, Pak. J. Agric. Sci., 2009, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 20–24.
Jackovic, M., Marinkovic, R., Jeromela, A.M., Radic, V., Canak, P., and Hladni, N., Association between seed yield and some morphological characteristics in sunflower, Ratar. Povrt., 2009, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 53–75.
Khan, A., Ullah, I., Murtaza, S.B., and Khan, M.Y., Variability and correlation study in different newly developed sunflower hybrids, Asian J. Plant Sci., 2003, vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 887–890.
Arshad, M., Ilyas, M.K., and Khan, M.A., Genetic divergence and path coefficient analysis for seed yield traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids, Pak. J. Bot., 2007, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 2009–2015.
Arshad, M., Khan, M.A., Ullah, I.H.S.A.N., and Amjad, M., Development of short duration high yielding indigenous sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids., Sci. Tech. Dev., 2013, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 205–214.
Razzaq, H., Tahir, M.H.N., and Sadaqat, H.A., Genetic variability in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for achene yield and morphological characters., Int. J. Sci. Nat., 2014, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 669–676.
Mahmood, T. and Mehdi, S.S., Correlation among S1 and S2 progenies in sunflower for seed yield, its componenrs and resistance to charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) diseases, Asian J. Plant Sci., 2003, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 844-849.
Goksoy, A.T. and Tauran, Z.M., Correlations and path coefficient analysis of yield components in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Nat. J. Plant Imp., 2007, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 43–46.
Kaya, Y., Evci, G., Pekcan, V., Gucer, T., Durak, S., and Yilmaz, M.I., The path analysis of yield traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Latv. J. Agron., 2008, vol. 11, pp. 72–77.
Safavi, S.A., Pourdad, S.S., Taeb, M., and Khosroshahl, M.I., Assessment of genetic variation among safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) accessions using agro-morphological traits and molecular markers, J. Food Agric. Environ., 2010, vol. 8, nos. 3–4, pp. 616–625.
Khan, H., Muhammad, S., Shah, R., and Iqbal, N., Genetics analysis of yield and some yield components in sunflower, Sarhad J. Agric., 2007, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 985–990.
Shankar, V., Kuldeep, S.D., Vishnu, V.R., and Sudheer, K., Character association and path analysis in sunflower (Helianthus annuss L.), Crop Res., 2005, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 63–67.
Iqbal, M., Ali, M.A., Abbas, A., Zulkiffal, M., Zeeshan, M., and Sadaqat, H.A., Genetic behviour and impact of various quantitative traits on oil contents in sunflower under water stress conditions at productive phase, Plant Omics J. South. Cross, 2009, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 70–77.
Kholgi, M., Bernousi, I., Darvishzadeh, R., and Pirzad, A., Correlation and path coefficient analysis of seed yield and yield related trait in Iranian confectionary sunflower populations., Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2011, vol. 10, no. 61, pp. 13058–13063.
Sridhar, V., Kuldeep, S.D., Vishnu, V.R., and Sudheer, K., Character association and path analysis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Crop Res., 2005, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 63–67.
Bonciu, E., Iancu, P., and Soare, M., The yield relationships in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Plant Breed., 2009, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 123–129.
Darvishzadeh, R., Maleki, H.H., and Sarrafi, A., Path analysis of the relationship between yield and some related traits in diallel population of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) underwell watered and water-stressed conditions, Aust. J. Biol. Sci., 2011, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 674–680.
Yasin, A.B. and Singh, S., Correlation and path coefficient analysis in sunflower, J. Plant B Crop Sci., 2010, vol. 5, pp. 129–133.
Rao, N.V., Mohan, Y.C., and Reddy, S.S., Variability and character association in the elite lines of sunflower, Res. Crop, 2003, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 104–109.
Farratullah, F. and Khalil, I.H., Path analysis of the coefficient of sunflower (Helianthus annnus L.) hybrids, Int. J. Agric. Biol., 2006, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 621–662.
Machikowa, T. and Saetang, C., Correlation and path coefficient analysis on seed yield in sunflower, Suranaree J. Sci. Technol., 2008, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 243–248.
Habib, H., Mehdi, S.S., Rashid, A., and Anjum, M.A., Genetic association and path analysis for seed yield in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Pak. J. Agric. Sci., 2006, vol. 43, nos. 3–4, pp. 136–139.
COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
About this article
Cite this article
Sheeza Komel, Ali Razzaq Association among Morphological and Yield Related Traits in Different Accessions of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Russ. Agricult. Sci. 45, 128–136 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367419020204
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367419020204