Abstract
The transformation of the structural organization of interphase nuclei of a plant cell, depending on the type of tissue, ploidy, and the action of abiotic factors of the medium, has been studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that the location and the quantitative relationship between condensed and decondensed chromatin, the presence and localization of nuclear bodies in the plant nucleus, and the presence of invaginations of the nuclear membrane and inclusions depend on the tissue type and cell age as well as the intensity, time, and type of exposure to abiotic factors. Examples of different degrees of chromatin condensation in one plant organism are given. It has been established that the degree of chromatin condensation and decondensation, the state of other domains and nonspecific inclusions of the cell nucleus can be artificially modeled for research purposes or subsequent modification. The issue of application of such technologies for the creation and selection of stable forms of agricultural plants taking into account the controlled modification of their genome is discussed. A possible mechanism for incorporation of nonspecific inclusions in a nuclear compartment is proposed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Shaw, P.J. and Brown, J.W.S., Plant nuclear bodies, Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2004, vol. 7, no. 6, p. 614–620.
Chentsov, Yu.S. and Polyakov, V.Yu., Ul’trastruktura kletochnogo yadra (Ultrastructure of the Cell Nucleus), Moscow: Nauka, 1974.
Smoyer, C.J. and Jaspersen, S.L., Breaking down the wall: The nuclear envelope during mitosis, Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2014, vol. 26, pp.1.
Meier, I. et al., Regulation of nuclear shape and size in plants, Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2016, vol. 40, pp. 114–123.
Rybaczek, D., Ultrastructural changes associated with the induction of premature chromosome condensation in Vicia faba root meristem cells, Plant Cell Rep., 2014, vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 1547–1564.
Kuznetsova, M.A. and Sheval, E.V., Chromatin fbers: From classical descriptions to modern interpretation, Cell Biol. Int., 2016, vol. 40, no. 11, pp. 1140–1151.
Lafontaine, J.G., Luck, B.T., and Dontigny, D., A cytochemical and radioautographic study of the ultrastructural organization of puff-like fbrillar structures in plant interphase nuclei (Allium porrum), J. Cell Sci., 1979, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 13–27.
Zharskaya, O.O. and Zatsepina, O.V., Dynamics and mechanisms of nucleolus reorganization in mitosis, Tsitologiya, 2007, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 355–369.
Docquier, S., Tillemans, V., Deltour, R., and Motte, P., Nuclear bodies and compartmentalization of premRNA splicing factors in higher plants, Chromosoma, 2004, vol. 112, no. 5, pp. 255–266.
Bogolyubov, D.S., Perichromatin compartment of the cell nucleus, Tsitologiya, 2014, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 399–409.
Puvion, E. and Puvion-Dutilleul, F., Ultra-structure of the nucleus in relation to transcription and splicing: Roles of perichromatin fbrils and interchromatin granules, Exp. Cell Res., 1996, vol. 229, no. 2, pp. 217–225.
Skulachev, V.P., Bakeeva, L.E., Chernyak, B.V., Domnina, L.V., Minin, A.A., Pletjushkina, O.Y., Saprunova, V.B., Skulachev, I.V., Tsyplenkova, V.G., Vasiliev, J.M., Yaguzhinsky, L.S., and Zorov, D.B., Thread-grain transition of mitochondrial reticulum as a step of mitoptosis and apoptosis, Mol. Cell. Biochem., 2004, vol. 256, nos. 1–2, pp. 341–358.
Adamakis, I.D.S., Eleftheriou, E.P., and Rost, T.L., Effects of sodium tungstate on the ul-trastructure and growth of pea (Pisum sativum) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seedlings, Environ. Exp. Bot., 2008, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 416–425.
Wise, R.R., The diversity of plastid form and function, in The Structure and Function of Plastids, Springer Netherlands, 2007, pp. 3–26.
Lousa, C.D.M., Gershlick, D.C., and Denecke, J., Mechanisms and concepts paving the way towards a complete transport cycle of plant vacuolar sorting receptors, Plant Cell, 2012, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 1714–1732.
Normand, C., Correlative light and electron microscopy of nucleolar transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in The Nucleolus: Methods and Protocols, 2016, pp. 29–40.
Sharma, A.K., Synchronization in plant cells—An introduction, Methods in Cell Science, 1999, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 73–78.
Baranova, E.N. and Gulevich, A.A., Structural organization of nuclei and nucleoli of wheat shoot and root meristem during germination under alkaline pH conditions, Russ. Agric. Sci., 2009, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 11–14.
Baranova, E.N., Gulevich, A.A., and Lavrova, N.V., Influence of acid pH of the environment on the structural organization of nuclei and nucleoli of cells of shoot and root meristems of wheat during germination, Izv. TSKhA, 2010, no. 2, pp. 44–51.
Shckorbatov, Yu., The state of chromatin as an integrative indicator of cell stress, in New Developments in Chromatin Research, Simpson, N.M. and Stewart, V.J., Eds., New York: Nova Publishers, 2012, pp. 123–144.
Trojer, P. and Reinberg, D., Facultative heterochromatin: Is there a distinctive molecular signature?, Mol. Cell, 2007, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 1–13.
Chentsov, Yu.S., Vvedenie v kletochnuyu biologiyu: Obshchaya tsitologiya (Introduction to Cell Biology: General Cytology), Moscow: Akademkniga, 2005.
Probst, A.V. and Scheid, O.M., Stress-induced structural changes in plant chromatin, Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2015, vol. 27, pp. 8–16.
Kisurina-Evgenieva, O.P., Sutiagina, O.I., and Onishchenko, G.E., Biogenesis of micronuclei, Biochemistry (Moscow), 2016, vol. 81, no. 5, pp. 453–464.
Van Hautegem, T., Waters, A.J., Goodrich, J., and Nowack, M.K., Only in dying, life: Programmed cell death during plant development, Trends Plant Sci., 2015, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 102–113.
Chaban, I.A., Lazareva, E.M., Kononenko, N.V., and Polyakov, V.Y., Antipodal complex development in the embryo sac of wheat, Russ. J. Dev. Boil., 2011, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 79–91.
Kunakh, V.A., Genomic variability of plant somatic cells. Variability in ontogenesis, Biopolim. Kletka, 1994, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 5–35.
Jackson, S. and Chen, Z.J., Genomic and expression plasticity of polyploidy, Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2010, vol. 13, pp. 153–159.
Bennett, M.D. and Leitch, I.J., Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms: Progress, problems and prospects, Ann. Bot., 2005, vol. 95, pp. 45–90.
Knight, C.A., Movinari, N.A., and Petrov, D.A., The large genome constraint hypothesis: Evolution, ecology and phenotype, Ann. Bot., 2005, vol. 95, pp. 177–190.
Baranova, E.N., Christov, N.K., Kurenina, L.V., Khaliluev, M.R., Todorovska, E.G., and Smirnova, E.A., Formation of atypical tubulin structures in plant cells as a nonspecifc response to abiotic stress, Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 2016, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 987–992.
Pasyuga, O.S., The effect of microwave radiation and a weak magnetic field on the state of the cell membrane and the nucleus of pea cells (P. sativum), Vis. Khark. Nats. Agrar. Univ., Ser. Biol., 2014, no. 2, pp. 38–45.
Gulevich, A.A., Baranova, E.N., Polyakov, V.Y., and Kharchenko, P.N., Ultrastructural evaluation of possible results of cell selection of Medicago sativa for NaCl, Russ. Agric. Sci., 2010, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 100–104.
Baranova, E.N., Chaban, I.A., Kononenko, N.V., Shupletsova, O.N., Shirokich, I.G., and Polyakov, V.Y., Morphological and functional characteristics of the barley calluses tolerant to the toxic action of aluminum, Biol. Membr., 2015, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 274–286.
Baranova, E.N., Baranova, G.B., and Kharchenko, P.N., Effect of weak magnetic field and low positive temperature on chromatin and nucleolus ultrastructure of rye and barley, Russ. Agric. Sci., 2011, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 453–461.
Heddle, J.A., Cimino, M.C., Hayashi, M., Romagna, F., Shelby, M.D., Tucker, J.D., and Macgregor, J.T., Micronuclei as an index of cytogenetic damage: Past, present, and future, Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 1991, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 277–291.
Bakeeva, L.E., Skulachev, V.P., Sudarikova, Y.V., and Tsyplenkova, V.G., Mitochondria enter the nucleus (one further problem in chronic alcoholism), Biochemistry (Moscow), 2001, vol. 66, no. 12, pp. 1335–1341.
Lazareva, E.M., Baranova, E.N., and Smirnova, E.A., Reorganization of the system of microtubules of the root cells of Medicago sativa in conditions of acclimation to osmotic and salt stresses, Tsitologiya, 2017, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 34–44.
Adamakis, I.D.S., Panteris, E., and Eleftheriou, E.P., The cortical microtubules are a universal target of tungsten toxicity among land plant taxa, J. Biol. Res., 2010, vol. 13, pp. 59–66.
Todorovska, E.G., Kolev, S., Christov, N.K., Balint, A., Kocsy, G., Vágújfalvi, A., and Galiba, G. The expression of CBF genes at Fr-2 locus is associated with the level of frost tolerance in Bulgarian winter wheat cultivars, Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip., 2014, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 392–401.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © E.N. Baranova, I.A. Chaban, N.V. Kononenko, M.R. Khaliluev, N.K. Christov, A.A. Gulevich, E.G. Todorovska, 2017, published in Rossiiskaya Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Nauka, 2017, No. 2, pp. 3–10.
About this article
Cite this article
Baranova, E.N., Chaban, I.A., Kononenko, N.V. et al. Ultrastructural organization of the domains in the cell nucleus of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants under abiotic stress. Russ. Agricult. Sci. 43, 199–206 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367417030041
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367417030041