Abstract
Metal and nitride coatings of high-entropy alloys (HEA) having different phase compositions produced by different methods were investigated. It is shown that for the high-entropy coatings is characteristic the presence of the nanostructured state, which in parallel with the cluster structure provides hardness for metal coatings ~ 10–19 GPa; for nitride coatings are characteristic 50–60 GPa and the modulus of inelastic buckling more than 300 MPa. The relation of the lattice parameters, which are defined experimentally, to the parameter of the lattice of the most refractory metal in the HEA reflects the level of the elastic modulus relative to the theoretically possible both in the cast HEA and in metal coatings on their base.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Murty, B.S., Yeh, Jien-Wei, and Ranganathan, S., High Entropy Alloys, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd (Verlag), 2014.
Cantor, B., Multicomponent and high entropy alloys, Entropy, 2014, vol. 16, pp. 4749–4768.
Ranganathan, S., Alloyed pleasures: multimetallic cocktails, Current Sci., 2003, vol. 85, no. 10, pp. 1404–1406.
Yeh, J.W., Lin, S.J., Chin, T.S., Gan, J.Y., Chen, S.K., Shun, T.T., Tsau, Ch.-H., and Chou, Sh.-Y., Formation of simple crystal structures in Cu–Co–Ni–Cr–Al–Fe–Ti–V alloys with multiprincipal metallic elements, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2004, vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 2533–2536.
Senkov, O.N., Scott, J.M., Senkova, S.V., Miracle, D.B., and Woodward, C.F., Microstructure and room temperature properties of a high-entropy TaNbHfZrTi alloy, J. Alloys Compounds, 2011, vol. 509, no. 20, pp. 6043–6048.
Firstov, S.A., Gorban’, V.F., Krapivka, N.A., and Pechkovsky, E.P., Strengthening and mechanivcal properties of cast high-entropy alloys, Composites and Nanomaterials, 2011, no. 2, pp. 5–20.
Firstov, S.A., Gorban’, V.F., Krapivka, N.A., and Pechkovsky, E.P., Distribution of elements in cast multicomponent high-entropy one-phase alloys with the bcc crystal lattice, Ibid., 2012, no. 3, pp. 48–65.
Yang, X. and Zhang, Y., Prediction of high-entropy stabilized solid-solution in multi-component alloys, Mater.Chem. Phys., 2012, vol. 132, pp. 233–238.
Firstov, S.A., Rogul’, T.G., Krapivka, N.A., Ponomarev, S.S., Tkach, V.N., Kovylyaev, V.V., Gorban’, V.F., and Karpets, M.V., Solid-solution strengthening of the high-entropy alloy AlTiVCrNbMo, Deformation and destruction of materials, 2013, no. 2, pp. 9–16.
Senkov, O.N., Wilks, G.B., Miracl, D.B., Chuang, C.P., and Liaw, P.K., Refractory high-entropy alloys, Intermetallics, 2010, vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 1758–176.
Jiang, Li, Lu, Yi., Dong, Yo., Wang, T., Cao, Zh., and Li, T., Annealing effects on the microstructure and properties of high-entropy CoCrFeNiTi0.5 alloy casting ingot, Ibid., 2014, vol. 44, pp. 37–43.
Shun, T.-T., Hung, Ch.-H., and Lee, Ch.-F., The effects of secondary elemental Mo or Ti addition in Al0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy on age hardening at 700°C, J. Alloys Comp., 2010, no. 495, pp. 55–58.
Ren, B., Liu, Z.X., Cai, B., Wang, M.X., and Shi, L., Aging behavior of a CuCr2Fe2NiMn high-entropy alloy, Mater. Design., 2012, no. 33, pp. 121–126.
Chen, T.K., Wong, M.S., Shun, T.T., and Yeh, J.W., Nanostructured nitride films of multi-element high-entropy alloys by reactive DC sputtering, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2005, vol. 200, no. 5–6, pp. 1361–1365.
Firstov, S.A., Andreev, A.A., Gorban’, V. F., Danilenko, N.I., Krapivka, N.A., and Stolbovoy, V.A., A new class of superhard nitride coatings based on multicomponent high-entropy alloys, Collect. Papers of Internat. Conf. Nanotechnologies of functional materials”, St. Petersburg, June 27–29, 2012, pp. 572–577.
Chang, Sh.-Yi, Lin, Sh.-Y., Huang, Yi-Ch., and Wu, Ch.-L., Mechanical properties, deformation behaviors andinterface adhesion of (AlCeTaTiCr)Nx multi-component coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, vol. 204, no. 20. pp. 3307–3314.
Tsai, D.-Ch., Shieu, F.-Sh., Chang, Sh.-Y., Yao, H.-Ch., and Deng, M.-J., Structures and characterizations of TiVCr and TiVCrZrY films deposited by magnetron sputtering under different bias powers, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2010, vol. 157, no. 3, pp. K52–K58
Lai, Ch.-H., Lin, S.-J., Yen, L.-W., and Chang Sh.-Y., Preparetion and characterization of AlCrTaTiZr multi-element nitride coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, vol. 201, no. 6, pp. 3275–3280.
Feng, X., Tang, G., Sun, M., Ma, X., Wang, L., and Yukimura, K., Structure and properties of multi-targets magnetron sputtered ZrNbTaTiW multi-elements alloy thin films, Ibid., 2013, vol. 228, pp. S424–S427.
Huang, P.-K. and Yeh, Ji.-W., Inhibition of grain coarsening up to 1000 C in (AlCrNbSiTiV)N superhard coatings, Scripta Materialia, 2010, vol. 62, pp. 105–108.
Huang, P.-K. and Yeh, Ji.-W., Effects of substrate bias on structure and mechanical properties of (AlCrNbSiTiV)N coating, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 2009,vol. 42, pp. 115–120.
Liang, Sh.-Ch., Chang, Z.-Ch., Tsai, D.-Ch., Lin, Yi-Ch., Sung, H.-Sh., Deng, M.-Je., and Shieu, F.-Sh., Effects of substrate temperature on the structure and mechanical properties of (TiVCrZrHf)N coatings, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2011, vol. 257, pp. 7709–7713.
Shaginyan, L.P., Gorban’, V.F., Krapivka, N.A., Firstov, S.A., and Kopylov, I.F., Properties of coatings from high-entropy alloy Al–Cr–Fe–Co–Ni–Cu–V, produced by the method of magnetron sputtering, Superhard Mater, 2016, no. 1, pp. 25–33.
Andreev, A.A., Sablev, L.P., Shulaev, V. M., and Grigoriev, C.N., Vacuum–arc apparatuses and coatings, Khar’kiv, National Scientific centre KhFTI, 2005.
Andreev, A.A., Sablev, L.P., and Grigoriev, C.N., Vacuum–arc coatings, Khar’kiv, National Scientific centre KhFTI, 2010.
Ignatovich, S.P. and Zakiev, I.M., Universalmicro/nano “Micron-gamma”, Zavodskaya laboratoriya, 2011, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 61–67.
Firstov, S.A., Gorban’, V. F., Pechkovsky E.P., and Mameka, N. A., Connection of the strength property of materials with the indices of the automatic indentation, Materialovedenie, 2007, no. 11
Firstov, S.A., Gorban’, V. F., Pechkovsky E.P., and Mameka, N. A., Equation of the indentation, Dop. NAS of Ukraine, 2007, no. 12, pp. 100–106.
Zhang, Y. and Zhou, Y.J., Solid solution formation criteria for high entropy alloys, Mater. Sci. Forum, 2007, vol. 561–565, pp. 1337–1339.
Firstov, S.A., Gorban’, V.F., Krapivka, N.A., Karpets, M.V., and Pechkovsky, E.P., Influence of the electronic concentration on the phase composition of high-entropy equiatomic alloys, Powder Metallurgy, 2015, no. 9/10, pp. 126–133.
Firstov, S.A., Mileiko, S.T., Gorban’, V. F., Krapivka, N. A., and Pechkovsky, E. P., Elastic modulus of multicomponent cast single-phase high entropy alloys with the bcc lattice, Composites and nanomaterials, 2014, no. 1(6), pp. 8–17.
Gorban’, V.F., Nazarenko, V.A, Danilenko, M.I., Karpets, M.V., Krapivka, M.O., Firstov, S.O, and Maka-renko, O.S., Influence of the deformation on the phase composition and physico-mechanical properties of high entropy alloys, Deformation and destruction of materials, 2013, no. 9, pp. 2–6.
Karpets’, M.V., Musluvchenko, O.M., Krapivka, M.O., Gorban’, V. F., Makarenko, O.S., and Nazarenko, V.A., Effect of plastic deformation on the phase composition, texture, and mechanical properties of high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi2Cu, Superhard Mater., 2015, no. 1, pp. 21–27.
Vegard, L., The constitution of the mixed crystals and the filling of space of the atoms, Zeitschrift für Physik, 1921, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 17–26.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © V.F. Gorban’, A.A. Andreev, L.R. Shaginyan, S.A. Firstov, M.V. Karpets, N.I. Danilenko, 2018, published in Sverkhtverdye Materialy, 2018, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 19–36.
About this article
Cite this article
Gorban’, V.F., Andreev, A.A., Shaginyan, L.R. et al. High-Entropy Coatings—Structure and Properties. J. Superhard Mater. 40, 88–101 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3103/S106345761802003X
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S106345761802003X