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Determination of the Toxicity of Petroleum Products for Aquatic Organisms Using Comprehensive Bioassay

  • ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY OF WATER
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Abstract

We present the experimental results of the toxicity of the aquatic environment polluted with petroleum products (diesel fuel and AI-95 gasoline), obtained using complex bioassay of standard test organisms: daphnia Daphnia magna, freshwater hydra Hydra attenuate, and zebrafish Brachidanio rerio. Petroleum products have acute toxicity for all types of test organisms at a concentration of 0.1 cm3/dm3 for diesel fuel and 0.2 cm3/dm3 for AI-95 gasoline. The mechanisms of the toxic effect of petroleum products on hydrobionts are discussed. An ingress of a large amount of oil products into a natural reservoir threatens the functioning of the aquatic ecosystem due to a decline or disappearance of sensitive species of aquatic organisms, primarily invertebrates. Under these conditions, a film of insoluble fractions of oil products is formed on the water surface, the access of oxygen from the air to the water is disrupted (falls to 2–3 cm3 O2/dm3), and hydrobionts die from hypoxia. Water-soluble fractions of petroleum products enter organisms and poison them. The initial stages of development of aquatic organisms—fish embryos and fry or invertebrate nauplii—are the most sensitive to the toxic effects of petroleum products. Petroleum products caused an increase in the frequency of nuclear disorders in fish blood cells in surviving individuals, which indicates a genotoxic effect compared to the cytological parameters of the control group of fish.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dumansky Institute of Colloidal Chemistry and Water Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03142, Kyiv, Ukraine

    V. V. Goncharuk, V. F. Kovalenko, A. M. Holovkov, A. V. Nanieva & O. V. Osmalena

Authors
  1. V. V. Goncharuk
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  2. V. F. Kovalenko
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  3. A. M. Holovkov
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  4. A. V. Nanieva
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  5. O. V. Osmalena
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. F. Kovalenko.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Translated by O. Zhukova

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Goncharuk, V.V., Kovalenko, V.F., Holovkov, A.M. et al. Determination of the Toxicity of Petroleum Products for Aquatic Organisms Using Comprehensive Bioassay. J. Water Chem. Technol. 44, 21–25 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1063455X22010039

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1063455X22010039

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