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Quantitative Analytical Method for Single Rain Droplets via Crystal Formation in Photocrosslinking Polymer Gel

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Abstract

Ion composition contained in individual rain droplets provides important information to investigate the chemistry in rain and clouds, but general rain sampling equipment temporally and spatially averages the information. Determination of the SO42− concentration in an individual rain droplet was achieved by precipitate production in synthesized acrylamide polymer gel. Concentration of the target ion was calculated from the droplet print diameter and precipitation area measured from digital microscope images. We investigated the effects of the interior electrolyte concentration in the polyacrylamide gel and UV irradiation time on the physical properties of the gel and precipitate formation. The precipitated components were identified by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. We also clarified the effects of coexisting ions on the reaction between the interior and exterior electrolytes. For actual rainwater, the SO42− concentration estimated by this method was in agreement with the results obtained by ion chromatography.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for assistance given by Ms. Naomi Kimura and Mr. Fumihiro Watanabe. This work was financially supported by The Iwatani Naoji Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan

    Ben Nanzai

  2. Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, 221-8686, Japan

    Yoshiaki Goto & Manabu Igawa

  3. Science Laboratory, Teikyo University of Science, 2525 Yatsuzawa, Uenohara, Yamanashi, 409-0193, Japan

    Yoshihito Ishida

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  1. Ben Nanzai
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  2. Yoshiaki Goto
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  3. Yoshihito Ishida
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  4. Manabu Igawa
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Correspondence to Ben Nanzai.

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Nanzai, B., Goto, Y., Ishida, Y. et al. Quantitative Analytical Method for Single Rain Droplets via Crystal Formation in Photocrosslinking Polymer Gel. ANAL. SCI. 35, 1263–1267 (2019). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.19P265

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.19P265

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