Abstract
Introduction
Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase reactant that shares structural and functional homology with C-reactive protein (CRP). However, unlike CRP, which is synthesized mainly in the liver, PTX3 is produced at the site of inflammation. It has been suggested that PTX3 plays the same role in the periphery that CRP does in circulation. PTX3 may represent a rapid marker of local inflammation.
Methods
Fifty-one patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled. Blood samples were collected on admission. Plasma concentration of PTX3 and high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) were determined.
Results
Median PTX3 concentration was 0.92 μmol/L (0.58–1.40). Median hsCRP concentration was 0.90 mg/L (0.75–1.10). There was a positive correlation between PTX3 and total cholesterol (R = 0.34; P = 0.01), PTX3 and LDL cholesterol (R = 0.35; P = 0.01), and PTX3 and hsCRP (R = 0.46; P = 0.0005). We found no correlation between hsCRP and all laboratory parameters. We found higher PTX3 concentrations in patients with Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) functional class 3 (compared to CCS functional class 2) and in patients taking nitrates. Lower PTX3 concentrations were reported in patients taking calcium channel blockers (amlodipine). hsCRP concentrations remained similar among these subgroups of patients.
Conclusions
PTX3 is a marker of clinically more advanced CAD (CCS2 vs CCS3; nitrates vs no nitrates). PTX3 is also associated with other cardiovascular risk factors (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and hsCRP). PTX3 may be a potential early marker of cardiovascular risk before the increase of systemic markers like hsCRP.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Drakopoulou M, Toutouzas K, Michelongona A, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C. Vulnerable plaque and inflammation: potential clinical strategies. Curr Pharm Des 2011; 17: 4190.
Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32: 2045.
Libby P, Ridker PM. Inflammation and atherosclerosis: role of C-reactive protein in risk assessment. Am J Med 2004; 116(Suppl 6A): 9S.
Nakou ES, Liberopoulos EN, Milionis HJ, Elisaf MS. The role of C-reactive protein in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: an overview. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2008; 6: 258.
Mantovani A, Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, et al. The long pentraxinPTX3 in vascular pathology. Vascul Pharmacol 2006; 45: 326.
Abderrahim-Ferkoune A, Bezy O, Chiellini C, et al. Characterization of the long pentraxin PTX3 as a TNFalpha-induced secreted protein of adipose cells. J Lipid Res 2003; 44: 994.
Norata GD, Garlanda C, Catapano AL. The long pentraxin PTX3: a modulator of the immunoinflammatory response in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2010; 20: 35.
Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, Bastone A, Mantovani A. Pentraxins at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, matrix deposition, and female fertility. Annu Rev Immunol 2005; 23: 337.
Soeki T, Niki T, Kusunose K, et al. Elevated concentrations of pentraxin 3 are associated with coronary plaque vulnerability. J Cardiol 2011; 58: 151.
Rolph MS, Zimmer S, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Hansson GK. Production of the long pentraxin PTX3 in advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002; 22: e10.
Savchenko A, Imamura M, Ohashi R, et al. Expression of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in human atherosclerotic lesions. J Pathol 2008; 215: 48.
Knoflach M, Kiechl S, Kind M, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in young males: ARMY study (Atherosclerosis Risk-Factors in Male Youngsters). Circulation 2003; 108: 1064.
Knoflach M, Kiechl S, Penz D, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in young women: atherosclerosis risk factors in female youngsters (ARFY study). Stroke 2009; 40: 1063.
Peri G, Introna M, Corradi D, et al. PTX3, A prototypical long pentraxin, is an early indicator of acute myocardial infarction in humans. Circulation 2000; 102: 636.
Inoue K, Sugiyama A, Reid PC, et al. Establishment of a high sensitivity plasma assay for human pentraxin3 as a marker for unstable angina pectoris. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27: 161.
Haybar H, Assareh A, Ghotbi Y, Torabizadeh M, Bozorgmanesh M. Incremental diagnostic value of circulating pentraxin in patients with intermediate risk of coronary artery disease. Heart 2013; 99: 640.
Dubin R, Li Y, Ix JH, Shlipak MG, Whooley M, Peralta CA. Associations of pentraxin-3 with cardiovascular events, incident heart failure, and mortality among persons with coronary heart disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study. Am Heart J 2012; 163: 274.
Kotooka N, Inoue T, Aoki S, Anan M, Komoda H, Node K. Prognostic value of pentraxin 3 in patients with chronic heart failure. Int J Cardiol 2008; 130: 19.
Kotooka N, Inoue T, Fujimatsu D, et al. Pentraxin3 is a novel marker for stent-induced inflammation and neointimal thickening. Atherosclerosis 2008; 197: 368.
Hudzik B, Szkodzinski J, Pietka-Rzycka A, et al. Plasma pentraxin 3 may be a more sensitive marker of inflammatory response than high-sensitivity C-reactive protein after bare-metal stent compared to drug-eluting stent implantation. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2013; 33: 280.
Knoflach M, Kiechl S, Mantovani A, et al. Pentraxin-3 as a marker of advanced atherosclerosis results from the Bruneck, ARMY and ARFY Studies. PLoS One 2012; 7: e31474.
Matsui S, Ishii J, Kitagawa F, et al. Pentraxin 3 in unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2010; 210: 220.
Norata GD, Marchesi P, Pulakazhi Venu VK, et al. Deficiency of the long pentraxin PTX3 promotes vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 2009; 120: 699.
Norata GD, Marchesi P, Pirillo A, et al. Long pentraxin 3, a key component of innate immunity, is modulated by high-density lipoproteins in endothelial cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28: 925.
Salio M, Chimenti S, De Angelis N, et al. Cardioprotective function of the long pentraxin PTX3 in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2008; 117: 1055.
Doni A, Michela M, Bottazzi B, et al. Regulation of PTX3, a key component of humoral innate immunity in human dendritic cells: stimulation by IL-10 and inhibition by IFN-gamma. J Leukoc Biol 2006; 79: 797.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Equal contribution to the paper.
About this article
Cite this article
Hudzik, B., Danikiewicz, A., Szkodzinski, J. et al. Pentraxin-3 concentrations in stable coronary artery disease depend on the clinical presentation. Eur Cytokine Netw 25, 41–45 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1684/ecn.2014.0354
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1684/ecn.2014.0354