Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the secrecy outage performance in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems taking artificial noise assistance into account. Multiple antennas in the source and a single antenna in both the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper are assumed. Specifically, the transmitted signal at the source is composed of two parts, where the first part is the information symbols and the other is the noise for the eavesdropper. To avoid making noise in the legitimate receiver, these two parts in the transmitted signals are modulated into two orthogonal dimensions according to the instantaneous channel state between the source and the legitimate receiver. We derive an approximate closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) by adopting the Gauss-Laguerre quadrature (GLQ) method, where the gap between the exact SOP and our approximate SOP converges with increase of the summation terms in the GLQ. To obtain the secrecy diversity order and secrecy array gain for the considered SWIPT system, the asymptotic result of the SOP is also derived. This is tight in the high signal-to-noise ratio region. A novel and robust SOP approximation is also analyzed given a small variance of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio at the eavesdropper. Some selected Monte-Carlo numerical results are presented to validate the correctness of the derived closed-form expressions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bloch M, Barros J, Rodrigues MRD, et al., 2008. Wireless information-theoretic security. IEEE Trans Inform Theory, 54(6):2515–2534. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2008.921908
Chen XM, Jia RD, 2018. Exploiting rateless coding for massive access. IEEE Trans Veh Technol, 67(11):11253–11257. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2018.2866279
Chen XM, Ng DWK, Gerstacker WH, et al., 2017. A survey on multiple-antenna techniques for physical layer security. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor, 19(2):1027–1053. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2016.2633387
Deng YS, Wang LF, Zaidi SAR, et al., 2016. Artificial-noise aided secure transmission in large scale spectrum sharing networks. IEEE Trans Commun, 64(5):2116–2129. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2016.2544300
El Shafie A, Tourki K, Al-Dhahir N, 2017. An artificial-noise-aided hybrid TS/PS scheme for OFDM-based SWIPT systems. IEEE Commun Lett, 21(3):632–635. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2016.2642105
Gradshteyn IS, Ryzhik IM, 2007. Table of Integrals, Series, and Products (7th Ed.). Academic Press, Salt Lake City, USA.
Holtzman JM, 1992. A simple, accurate method to calculate spread-spectrum multiple-access error probabilities. IEEE Trans Commun, 40(3):461–464. https://doi.org/10.1109/26.135712
Khandaker MRA, Masouros C, Wong KK, et al., 2019. Secure SWIPT by exploiting constructive interference and artificial noise. IEEE Trans Commun, 67(2):1326–1340. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2874658
Liu YW, Qin ZJ, Elkashlan M, et al., 2017. Enhancing the physical layer security of non-orthogonal multiple access in large-scale networks. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun, 16(3):1656–1672. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2017.2650987
Pan GF, Tang CQ, Li TT, et al., 2015. Secrecy performance analysis for SIMO simultaneous wireless information and power transfer systems. IEEE Trans Commun, 63(9):3423–3433. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2458317
Pan GF, Tang CQ, Zhang X, et al., 2016a. Physical-layer security over non-small-scale fading channels. IEEE Trans Veh Technol, 65(3):1326–1339. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2015.2412140
Pan GF, Lei HJ, Deng YS, et al., 2016b. On secrecy performance of MISO SWIPT systems with TAS and imperfect CSI. IEEE Trans Commun, 64(9):3831–3843. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2016.2573822
Pan GF, Lei HJ, Yuan Y, et al., 2017a. Performance analysis and optimization for SWIPT wireless sensor networks. IEEE Trans Commun, 65(5):2291–2302. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2676815
Pan GF, Ye J, Ding ZG, 2017b. Secure hybrid VLC-RF systems with light energy harvesting. IEEE Trans Commun, 65(10):4348–4359. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2709314
Qi Q, Chen XM, Zhong CJ, et al., 2020. Physical layer security for massive access in cellular Internet of Things. Sci China Inform Sci, 63(2):121301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-019-2650-4
Shi QJ, Liu L, Xu WQ, et al., 2014. Joint transmit beam-forming and receive power splitting for MISO SWIPT systems. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun, 13(6):3269–3280. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2014.041714.131688
Sudevalayam S, Kulkarni P, 2011. Energy harvesting sensor nodes: survey and implications. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor, 13(3):443–461. https://doi.org/10.1109/SURV.2011.060710.00094
Tian FY, Chen XM, 2019. Multiple-antenna techniques in nonorthogonal multiple access: a review. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng, 20(12):1665–1697. https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1900405
Wang ZJ, Zhao H, Wang S, et al., 2019. Secrecy analysis in SWIPT systems over generalized-K fading channels. IEEE Commun Lett, 23(5):834–837. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2907490
Yang N, Yan SH, Yuan JH, et al., 2015. Artificial noise: transmission optimization in multi-input single-output wiretap channels. IEEE Trans Commun, 63(5):1771–1783. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2419634
Zhang M, Liu Y, Zhang R, 2016. Artificial noise aided secrecy information and power transfer in OFDMA systems. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun, 15(4):3085–3096. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2016.2516528
Zhang R, Ho CK, 2013. MIMO broadcasting for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun, 12(5):1989–2001. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2013.031813.120224
Zhang X, McKay MR, Zhou XY, et al., 2015. Artificial-noise-aided secure multi-antenna transmission with limited feedback. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun, 14(5):2742–2754. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2015.2391261
Zhao H, Tan YY, Pan GF, et al., 2016. Secrecy outage on transmit antenna selection/maximal ratio combining in MIMO cognitive radio networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol, 65(12):10236–10242. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2016.2529704
Zhao H, Tan YY, Pan GF, et al., 2017. Ergodic secrecy capacity of MRC/SC in single-input multiple-output wire-tap systems with imperfect channel state information. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng, 18(4):578–590. https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1500430
Zhao H, Liu ZD, Yang L, et al., 2019a. Secrecy analysis in DF relay over generalized-K fading channels. IEEE Trans Commun, 67(10):7168–7182. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2926719
Zhao H, Zhang JY, Yang L, et al., 2019b. Secure mmWave communications in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Wirel Commun Lett, 8(4):1171–1174. https://doi.org/10.1109/LWC.2019.2910530
Zhao H, Liu YW, Sultan-Salem A, et al., 2019c. A simple evaluation for the secrecy outage probability over generalized-K fading channels. IEEE Commun Lett, 23(9):1479–1483. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2926360
Zhou X, Zhang R, Ho CK, 2013. Wireless information and power transfer: architecture design and rate-energy tradeoff. IEEE Trans Commun, 61(11):4754–4767. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2013.13.120855
Zou YL, Champagne B, Zhu WP, et al., 2015. Relay-selection improves the security-reliability trade-off in cognitive radio systems. IEEE Trans Commun, 63(1):215–228. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2014.2377239
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Project supported by the Hebei Key and Research Program, China (No. 19255901D)
Contributors
Wei-min HOU designed the research and drafted the manuscript. Qing-shan TANG helped organize the manuscript. Wei-min HOU and Qing-shan TANG revised and finalized the paper.
Compliance with ethics guidelines
Wei-min HOU and Qing-shan TANG declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hou, Wm., Tang, Qs. Secure analysis on artificial-noise-aided simultaneous wireless information and power transfer systems. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng 21, 1651–1660 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2000083
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2000083
Key words
- Artificial noise
- Multi-antenna systems
- Secrecy outage probability
- Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer