Abstract
Long-term coherent integration can remarkably improve the ability of detection and motion parameter estimation of radar for maneuvering targets. However, the linear range migration, quadratic range migration (QRM), and Doppler frequency migration within the coherent processing interval seriously degrade the detection and estimation performance. Therefore, an efficient and noise-resistant coherent integration method based on location rotation transform (LRT) and non-uniform fast Fourier transform (NuFFT) is proposed. QRM is corrected by the second-order keystone transform. Using the relationship between the rotation angle and Doppler frequency, a novel phase compensation function is constructed. Motion parameters can be rapidly estimated by LRT and NuFFT. Compared with several representative algorithms, the proposed method achieves a nearly ideal detection performance with low computational cost. Finally, experiments based on measured radar data are conducted to verify the proposed algorithm.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen XL, Guan J, Liu NB, et al., 2014. Maneuvering target detection via Radon-fractional Fourier transform-based long-time coherent integration. IEEE Trans Signal Process, 62(4):939–953. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2013.2297682
Guida M, Longo M, Lops M, 1993. Biparametric CFAR procedures for lognormal clutter. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 29(3):798–809. https://doi.org/10.1109/7.220931
Huang PH, Liao GS, Yang ZZ, et al., 2016. Long-time coherent integration for weak maneuvering target detection and high-order motion parameter estimation based on keystone transform. IEEE Trans Signal Process, 64(15): 4013–4026. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2016.2558161
Huang X, Zhang LR, Li SY, et al., 2018. Radar high speed small target detection based on keystone transform and linear canonical transform. Dig Signal Process, 82:203–215. https://doi.org/10.10167/j.dsp.2018.08.001
Huang X, Tang SY, Zhang LR, et al., 2019. Ground-based radar detection for high-speed maneuvering target via fast discrete chirp-Fourier transform. IEEE Access, 7:12097–12113. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2892505
Jin K, Lai T, Li GQ, et al., 2017. Ultra-wideband FMCW ISAR imaging with a large rotation angle based on block-sparse recovery. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng, 18(12): 2058–2069. https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1601310
Jin K, Lai T, Wang YB, et al., 2019a. Coherent integration for radar high-speed maneuvering target based on frequency-domain second-order phase difference. Electronics, 8(3): 287. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8030287
Jin K, Lai T, Wang YB, et al., 2019b. Parameter estimation of quadratic frequency modulated signal based on three-dimensional scaled Fourier transform. IET Radar Sonar Navig, 13(10):1689–1696. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2018.5530
Kirkland D, 2011. Imaging moving targets using the second-order keystone transform. IET Radar Sonar Navig, 5(8): 902–910. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2010.0304
Li XL, Cui GL, Yi W, et al., 2014. A fast maneuvering target motion parameters estimation algorithm based on ACCF. IEEE Signal Process Lett, 22(3):270–274. https://doi.org/10.1109/LSP.2014.2358230
Li XL, Cui GL, Yi W, et al., 2015. Coherent integration for maneuvering target detection based on Radon-Lv’s distribution. IEEE Signal Process Lett, 22(9): 1467–1471. https://doi.org/10.1109/LSP.2015.2390777
Li XL, Cui GL, Yi W, et al., 2016a. Manoeuvring target detection based on keystone transform and Lv’s distribution. IETRadar Sonar Navig, 10(7): 1234–1242. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2015.0488
Li XL, Kong LJ, Cui GL, et al., 2016b. CLEAN-based coherent integration method for high-speed multi-targets detection. IET Radar Sonar Navig, 10(9):1671–1682. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2015.0653
Li XL, Cui GL, Yi W, et al., 2016c. Fast coherent integration for maneuvering target with high-order range migration via TRT-SKT-LVD. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 52(6):2803–2814. https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2016.150573
Li XL, Cui GL, Kong LJ, et al., 2016d. Fast non-searching method for maneuvering target detection and motion parameters estimation. IEEE Trans Signal Process, 64(9): 2232–2244. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2016.2515066
Li XL, Kong LJ, Cui GL, et al., 2016e. A low complexity coherent integration method for maneuvering target detection. Dig Signal Process, 52:137–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2015.10.008
Li XL, Sun Z, Yi W, et al., 2018. Computationally efficient coherent detection and parameter estimation algorithm for maneuvering target. Signal Process, 155:130–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2018.09.030
Li XL, Sun Z, Yi W, et al., 2019a. Radar detection and parameter estimation of high-speed target based on MART-LVT. IEEE Sens J, 19(4):1478–1486. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2018.2882198
Li XL, Sun Z, Yeo TS, et al., 2019b. STGRFT for detection of maneuvering weak target with multiple motion models. IEEE Trans Signal Process, 67(7): 1902–1917. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2019.2899318
Luo S, Bi GA, Lv XL, et al., 2013. Performance analysis on Lv distribution and its applications. Dig Signal Process, 23(3):797–807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2012.11.011
Lv XL, Bi GA, Wan CR, et al., 2011. Lv’s distribution: principle, implementation, properties, and performance. IEEE Trans Signal Process, 59(8):3576–3591. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2011.2155651
Niu ZY, Zheng JB, Su T, et al., 2017. Fast implementation of scaled inverse Fourier transform for high-speed radar target detection. Electron Lett, 53(16):1142–1144. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2017.1782
Perry RP, Dipietro F, Fante RL, 1999. SAR imaging of moving targets. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 35(1):188–200. https://doi.org/10.1109/7.745691
Pignol F, Colone F, Martelli T, 2018. Lagrange-polynomial-interpolation-based keystone transform for a passive radar. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 54(3): 1151–1167. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2017.2775924
Qu ZY, Qu FX, Hou CB, et al., 2018. Quadratic frequency modulation signals parameter estimation based on two-dimensional product modified parameterized chirp rate-quadratic chirp rate distribution. Sensors, 18(5):1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051624
Rao X, Tao HH, Su J, et al., 2014. Axis rotation MTD algorithm for weak target detection. Dig Signal Process, 26:81–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2013.12.003
Rao X, Tao HH, Su J, et al., 2015. Detection of constant radial acceleration weak target via IAR-FRFT. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 51(4):3242–3253. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2015.140739
Su J, Xing M, Wang G, et al., 2010. High-speed multi-target detection with narrowband radar. IET Radar Sonar Navig, 4(4):595–603. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2008.0160
Sun Z, Li XL, Yi W, et al., 2018. A coherent detection and velocity estimation algorithm for the high-speed target based on the modified location rotation transform. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens, 11(7):2346–2361. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2834535
Tian J, Cui W, Shen Q, et al., 2013. High-speed maneuvering target detection approach based on joint RFT and keystone transform. Sci China Inform Sci, 56(6): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-013-4880-z
Tian J, Cui W, Wu S, 2014. A novel method for parameter estimation of space moving targets. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett, 11(2):389–393. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2013.2263332
Wu W, Wang GH, Sun JP, 2018. Polynomial Radon-polynomial Fourier transform for near space hypersonic maneuvering target detection. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 54(3):1306–1322. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2017.2780658
Xing MD, Su JH, Wang GY, et al., 2011. New parameter estimation and detection algorithm for high speed small target. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 47(1):214–224. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2011.5705671
Xu J, Yu J, Peng YN, et al., 2011a. Radon-Fourier transform for radar target detection, I: generalized Doppler filter bank. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 47(2): 1186–1202. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2011.5751251
Xu J, Yu J, Peng YN, et al., 2011b. Radon-Fourier transform for radar target detection (II): blind speed sidelobe suppression. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 47(4):2473–2489. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2011.6034645
Xu J, Xia XG, Peng SB, et al., 2012. Radar maneuvering target motion estimation based on generalized Radon-Fourier transform. IEEE Trans Signal Process, 60(12):6190–6201. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2012.2217137
Yu J, Xu J, Peng YN, et al., 2012. Radon-Fourier transform for radar target detection (III): optimality and fast implementations. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 48(2):991–1004. https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2012.6178044
Zhang JC, Su T, Zheng JB, et al., 2017. Novel fast coherent detection algorithm for radar maneuvering target with jerk motion. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens, 10(5):1792–1803. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2017.2651156
Zheng JB, Su T, Zhang L, et al., 2014. ISAR imaging of targets with complex motion based on the chirp rate-quadratic chirp rate distribution. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens, 52(11):7276–7289. https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2310474
Zheng JB, Su T, Zhu WT, et al., 2015. Radar high-speed target detection based on the scaled inverse Fourier transform. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens, 8(3): 1108–1119. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2368174
Zheng JB, Liu HW, Liu J, et al., 2018. Radar high-speed maneuvering target detection based on three-dimensional scaled transform. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens, 11(8):2821–2833. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2846731
Zhu DY, Li Y, Zhu ZD, 2007. A keystone transform without interpolation for SAR ground moving-target imaging. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett, 4(1):18–22. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2006.882147
Zhu SQ, Liao GS, Yang D, et al., 2014. A new method for radar high-speed maneuvering weak target detection and imaging. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett, 11(7): 1175–1179. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2013.2283887
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61501513)
Contributors
Ke JIN designed the research and drafted the manuscript. Tao LAI and Yan-li QI processed the data. Jie HUANG and Yong-jun ZHAO helped organize the manuscript. Ke JIN and Tao LAI revised and finalized the paper.
Compliance with ethics guidelines
Ke JIN, Tao LAI, Yan-li QI, Jie HUANG, and Yong-jun ZHAO declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jin, K., Lai, T., Qi, Yl. et al. Efficient coherent detection of maneuvering targets based on location rotation transform and non-uniform fast Fourier transform. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng 21, 1251–1266 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1900272
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.1900272
Key words
- Coherent integration
- Maneuvering target
- Parameter estimation
- Location rotation transform (LRT)
- Non-uniform fast Fourier transform (NuFFT)