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Report of RILEM TC 281-CCC: effect of loading on the carbonation performance of concrete with supplementary cementitious materials — an interlaboratory comparison of different test methods and related observations

  • RILEM TC 281-CCC - Carbonation of concrete with supplementary cementitious materials
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Abstract

Durability of concrete with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is crucial to the longevity of our built environment. Current research on the carbonation performance of concrete focuses on determining changes in microstructure induced by the chemical and physical interactions of CO2 with the cement phase in samples that do not undergo loading. Although this approach has enabled us to understand the chemical carbonation durability of concrete, the deterioration process is certainly not realistic considering the in-service conditions of structural concrete. Therefore, five different laboratories from RILEM TC 281-CCC WG4 conducted comparative testing of Portland cement concrete with/without SCMs under the combined action of carbonation and mechanical loading. The results indicated that the carbonation depth of concrete undergoing mechanical loading is lower in the case of a limited compressive load, and higher in the case of a high compressive load or tensile load, compared with unloaded specimens. The relative carbonation depth was decreased by 9–16% at 30% of the failure load in compression, independent of CO2 concentration and the presence of SCMs, while it was increased up to 13% at a 60% load level at most. Tension made the carbonation depth gradually increase, and up to 70% higher carbonation depth was reached at 60% of the tensile failure load. The combined effect of carbonation in concrete with SCMs and mechanical loading should therefore not be neglected in the service life prediction of concrete structures.

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Acknowledgements

This final report has been prepared within RILEM TC 281-CCC WG4. We would like to express our deepest appreciation to Susan A. Bernal Lopez who spent great effort to revise the manuscript. The contribution of all TC members in the discussion during the preparation of this recommendation and their final reading and approval of the document is gratefully acknowledged as well. The financial support from the following organizations is gratefully acknowledged: (1) National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51961135202). (2) The Research Foundation Flanders (Grant No. G0F3619N).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials, China Building Materials Academy, Beijing, 100024, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Yao, Ling Wang, Juan Li, Xinyu Shi, Cheng Zhang, Bin Li & Zhendi Wang

  2. Magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium

    Nele De Belie, Philip Van den Heede & Zhiyuan Liu

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, India

    Visalakshi Talakokula

  4. School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266000, People’s Republic of China

    Zuquan Jin & Chuansheng Xiong

  5. School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People’s Republic of China

    Jingzhou Lu & Yu Huang

  6. Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering (LGCGM), INSA Rennes, 20 Avenue des Buttes de Coësmes, 35700, Rennes, France

    Siham Kamali-Bernard

  7. Department of Civil Engineering, Sharda University, Noida, India

    Tushar Bansal

  8. Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark

    Xinyu Shi

  9. Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519000, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng Zhang

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  1. Yan Yao
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  2. Ling Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yan Yao.

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Publisher's Note

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This report has been prepared by working group 4 within RILEM TC 281-CCC. The report has been reviewed and approved by all members of the TC.

TC 281-CCC Membership.

TC Chair: Prof. Nele De Belie.

Deputy Chair: Prof. Susan Bernal Lopez.

Members: Natalia Alderete, Carmen Andrade, Ueli Angst, Tushar Bansal, Véronique Baroghel-Bouny, P. A. Muhammed Basheer, Nele De Belie, Susan Bernal Lopez, Hans D. Beushausen, Leon Black, Aires Camoes, Servando Chinchón-Payá, Özlem Cizer, Gisela Paola Cordoba, Martin Cyr, Patrick Dangla, Yuvaraj Dhandapani, Katja Dombrowski-Daube, Vilma Ducman, Yogarajah Elakneswaran, Jan Elsen, Juan Manuel Etcheverry, Miren Etxeberria, Ana Maria Fernandez-Jimenez, Lander Frederickx, Cassandre Le Galliard, Inès Garcia Lodeiro, Daniel Geddes, Christoph Gehlen, Mette Geiker, Guoqing Geng, Bahman Ghiassi, Gregor Gluth, Cyrill Grengg, Elke Gruyaert, R. Doug Hooton, Bruno Huet, Yu Huang, Andres Idiart, Ivan Ignjatovic, Kei-Ichi Imamoto, Shiju Joseph, Zuquan Jin, Siham Kamali-Bernard, Antonis Kanellopoulos, Xinyuan Ke, Sylvia Kessler, Heejeong Kim, Sabine Kruschwitz, Namkon Lee, Bin Li, Juan Li, Ning Li, Tung Chai Ling, Zhiyuan Liu, Qing-feng Liu, Barbara Lothenbach, Jingzhou Lu, Isabel Martins, José Fernando Martirena-Hernandez, César Medina Martinez, Renjie Mi, Fabrizio Moro, Shishir Mundra, Yeakleang Muy, Marija Nedeljkovic, Kolawole A. Olonade, José Pacheco, Christian Paglia, Angel Palomo, Sol Moi Park, Ravi Patel, Janez Perko, Quoc Tri Phung, Elodie Piolet, John L. Provis, Francisca Puertas, Nuria Rebolledo, Marlene Sakoparnig, Javier Sanchez Montero, Francesco Santoro, Sriram Pradeep Saridhe, Karen Scrivener, Marijana Serdar, Xinyu Shi, Zhenguo Shi, Kosmas K. Sideris, Ruben Snellings, Matteo Stefanoni, Charlotte Thiel, Karl Christian Thienel, Ilda Tole, Luca Valentini, Philip Van den Heede, Hanne Vanoutrive, Yury Andrés Villagran Zaccardi, Visalakshi Talakokula, Anya Vollpracht, Stefanie Von Greve-Dierfeld, Brant Walkley, Fazhou Wang, Ling Wang, Zhendi Wang, Jinxin Wei, Lia Weiler, Bei Wu, Chuansheng Xiong, Yan Yao, Guang Ye, Maciej Zajac, Cheng Zhang, Zengfeng Zhao, Semion Zhutovsky.

WG4 Membership.

TC 281-CCC WG4 Chair: Prof. Yan Yao, Prof. Ling Wang, Prof. Juan Li.

Deputy Chair: Dr. Xinyu Shi.

Members: Tushar Bansal, P.A. Muhammed, Basheer, Nele De Belie, Susan Bernal Lopez, Yu Huang, Ivan Ignjatovic, Zuquan Jin, Siham Kamali-Bernard, Antonis Kanellopoulos, Bin Li, Juan Li, Zhiyuan Liu, Jingzhou Lu, Kolawole A. Olonade, Quoc Tri Phung, Elodie Piolet, Xinyu Shi, Philip Van den Heede, Visalakshi Talakokula, Ling Wang, Zhendi Wang, Chuansheng Xiong, Yan Yao, Cheng Zhang.

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Yao, Y., Wang, L., Li, J. et al. Report of RILEM TC 281-CCC: effect of loading on the carbonation performance of concrete with supplementary cementitious materials — an interlaboratory comparison of different test methods and related observations. Mater Struct 56, 110 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-023-02190-0

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