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Optimization method, choice of form and uncertainty quantification of Model B4 using laboratory and multi-decade bridge databases

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Abstract

The preceding article describes a new multi-decade creep and shrinkage prediction model, labeled B4, which extends and improves the previous RILEM recommendation B3, and a separate article presents a new large worldwide database of laboratory data on creep, drying shrinkage and autogenous shrinkage. This article presents the general optimization concepts used to verify and calibrate Model B4. The main objective is multi-decade, even 100-year, prediction, which is what is needed for sustainable design of long-span bridges, tall buildings and other large concrete structures. Since the existing worldwide database is insufficient by far for purely experimental verification and calibration of multi-decade creep, the importance of choosing a model form that is theoretically and physically justified is emphasized. So is the choice of a model form that is able to fit closely individual broad-range creep and shrinkage curves for one and the same concrete, which are free of the huge obfuscating scatter due to differences in concrete composition. The development and calibration of the formulae for predicting the parameters of the creep and shrinkage equations from the composition and strength of concrete is described. An effective method for statistical optimization of the fits of a new database comprising thousands of laboratory test curves is presented. Various types of bias in the database are counteracted by data weighting. To predict and calibrate multi-decade creep, a method to combine the laboratory database with a database of excessive multi-decade deflections of large span bridges is outlined. This leads to a significant increase of the slope of the terminal trend of predicted creep in a logarithmic plot. Finally, the statistical approaches for using the hybrid laboratory-bridge database for multi-objective fit optimization and for Bayesian updating are explained and discussed.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support from the U.S. Department of Transportation, provided through Grant 20778 from the Infrastructure Technology Institute of Northwestern University, is gratefully appreciated. The first author thanks the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) for additional support in the form of the Erwin–Schrödinger Scholarship J3619-N13. Partial financial support by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth and the National Foundation for Research, Technology and Development is gratefully acknowledged.

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Author notes

  1. Roman Wendner

    Present address: Christian–Doppler Laboratory on Life−Cycle Robustness of Fastening Technology, Institute of Structural Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria

  2. Mija H. Hubler

    Present address: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusettes Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Civil and Evironmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

    Roman Wendner & Mija H. Hubler

  2. Civil and Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

    Zdeněk P. Bažant

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  1. Roman Wendner
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Correspondence to Zdeněk P. Bažant.

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Wendner, R., Hubler, M.H. & Bažant, Z.P. Optimization method, choice of form and uncertainty quantification of Model B4 using laboratory and multi-decade bridge databases. Mater Struct 48, 771–796 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0515-0

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