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Impact of rapid-hardening cements on mechanical properties of cement bitumen emulsion asphalt

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Abstract

Cement bitumen emulsion asphalt (CBEA) is obtained by mixing bitumen emulsion, cement, aggregates and filler at ambient temperature. CBEA is thought to be a promising substitute for hot mix asphalt because of its low environmental impact and cost-effectiveness. Disadvantages of this material are the long time required to reach its full strength and the inadequate understanding of the hardening mechanisms. This study aims at accelerating the development of mechanical properties of CBEA by using rapid-hardening cements while at the same time gaining a deeper understanding of the role of cement in CBEA. With this purpose, cold mix asphalt mixtures with cationic and anionic emulsions and different types of cement (ordinary Portland, calcium sulfoaluminate and calcium aluminate cement) were studied by means of isothermal calorimetry, measurements of water evaporation and Marshall tests. The results indicate that both anionic and cationic bitumen emulsions may affect the initial hydration rates of the cements used but have no significant influence on their degree of hydration after a few days. The addition of calcium sulfoaluminate and calcium aluminate cement to CBEA leads to mechanical properties after 1-day curing similar to those obtained with Portland cement after 1-week curing. Cement hydration dominates the strength gain, especially for rapid-hardening cements, and the type of cement influences both the amount of bound water and the rate of water evaporation from the CBEA.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Hans Kienast, Walter Trindler, Axel Schöler and Dr. Mateusz Wyrzykowski for help with the experiments and CTW Strassenbaustoffe AG for providing bitumen emulsion. The first author was financed by a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland

    Xing Fang, Alvaro Garcia, Frank Winnefeld, Manfred N. Partl & Pietro Lura

  2. Institute for Building Materials (IfB), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Xing Fang & Pietro Lura

  3. Div. of Infrastructure and Geomatics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, UK

    Alvaro Garcia

  4. School of Architecture and the Build Environment, Highway and Railway Engineering, KTH Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden

    Manfred N. Partl

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  1. Xing Fang
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  2. Alvaro Garcia
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  3. Frank Winnefeld
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  4. Manfred N. Partl
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  5. Pietro Lura
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Correspondence to Xing Fang.

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Fang, X., Garcia, A., Winnefeld, F. et al. Impact of rapid-hardening cements on mechanical properties of cement bitumen emulsion asphalt. Mater Struct 49, 487–498 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0512-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0512-3

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