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Development of robocasted MWCNTS-calcium silicate 3D structures for bone regeneration applications with retention of MWCNTS using vacuum sintering technique

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Abstract

Tissue-engineered scaffolds are widely researched for their potential to replace damaged or diseased bone. Similarly, this study reports 3D printing of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTS) reinforced calcium silicate (2 CaO⋅SiO2) bone scaffold structures using Robocasting. The scaffold structures were 3D printed with 0.5, 1, and 2 wt% of MWCNTS in 2 CaO⋅SiO2 and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution as the binder. The printed structures were sintered at 1000 °C for 1 h in a vacuum to ensure the retention of MWCNTS. The addition of 2 wt% of MWCNTS in Calcium silicate structures exhibited an increase in compressive strength (18.57 ± 0.349 MPa) compared to pure Calcium silicate scaffold structures. In addition, the developed scaffolds were found to be hydrophilic, cytocompatible, enhance cell proliferation, and stable for 28 days under in vitro conditions.

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All data acquired during experimentation are disclosed and discussed in the manuscript.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank DST-SERB, Government of India for completely funding this work and VIT, Vellore for providing all the characterization facilities, vacuum furnace, and rheometer.

Funding

This work has been funded by DST-SERB, Government of India under the Start-up research Grant (SRG/2019/002038).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), VIT, Vellore, 632014, India

    Jishita Ravoor, Renold Elsen Selvam, Deepan Karuppan & Umanath Puthillam

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  1. Jishita Ravoor
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  2. Renold Elsen Selvam
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  3. Deepan Karuppan
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  4. Umanath Puthillam
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Contributions

JR—Writing of original draft, review and editing, Experimentation, Data acquisition and analysis. SRE—Funding acquisition, Conceptualizing, Designing the study, Supervision, Writing- review and editing. DK—Experimentation, Data acquisition and analysis. UP—Experimentation, Data acquisition and analysis.

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Correspondence to Renold Elsen Selvam.

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Ravoor, J., Selvam, R.E., Karuppan, D. et al. Development of robocasted MWCNTS-calcium silicate 3D structures for bone regeneration applications with retention of MWCNTS using vacuum sintering technique. Journal of Materials Research 38, 2389–2400 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-023-00968-0

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