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Synergistic enhancement of potassium halide and SnOx:Cl to weak hysteresis in perovskite photovoltaics

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Abstract

Organic-lead halide perovskite (OLHP) has been a competitive light harvester for highly efficient photovoltaic devices. However, efficiency incompatibility and environmental instability heavily restrain the large scale of perovskite solar cells (PeSCs). Herein, the implantation of potassium cation in OLHP lattice is proposed to ameliorate the grain boundaries and defect states. SnOx:Cl electron transport layer (ETL) from low-temperature (~ 100 °C) chemical deposition provides good ETL/OLHP interface and positive Cl diffusion advancing the growth of OLHP. As well as substituting A-cation, potassium ions largely occupy the interstitial sites of grain boundary and effectively inhibit iodine migration and organic volatilization. The current density–voltage hysteresis is efficaciously suppressed for PeSCs with 5% KI and SnOx:Cl, harvesting low hysteresis of 0.011. The synergetic optimization of KX and SnOx:Cl is a new avenue to low-temperature, high-performance PeSCs.

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The datasets generated or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgments

This work was aided financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11874143), Educational Commission of Hubei Province of China (No. D20191005) and Application Fundamental Research Project of Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau (No. 2019010701011396).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories, Wuhan, 430205, People’s Republic of China

    Jinxia Duan, Houzhao Wan, Jun Zhang, Li Tao & Hao Wang

  2. School of Microelectronics and Faculty of Physics and Electronics Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People’s Republic of China

    Jinxia Duan, Yi Yang, Xiaolu Xie, Kai Zhang, Houzhao Wan, Jun Zhang, Li Tao & Hao Wang

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  1. Jinxia Duan
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Correspondence to Hao Wang.

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43578_2022_676_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Figure S1: Plane SEM images of (FAPbI3)1-x(MAPbBr3)x. (a) X=0, (b) X=0.05, (c) X=0.10, (d)X=0.15, (e) X=0.20 and (f) X=0.25. Supplementary file1 (TIF 12966 KB)

43578_2022_676_MOESM2_ESM.tif

Figure S2: Characteristics of (FAPbI3)1-X(MAPbBr3)X. (a) absorption spectra, (b) Tauc plots of (FAPbI3)1-X(MAPbBr3)X films (Inset is bandgap versus x curves). (c) XRD patterns. The diffraction symbols labelled by α, δ , #, and * are described as FAMA perovskite phase, yellow phase, PbI2, and FTO, respectively. (d) J-V curves at reverse scanning. Supplementary file2 (TIF 3556 KB)

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Duan, J., Yang, Y., Xie, X. et al. Synergistic enhancement of potassium halide and SnOx:Cl to weak hysteresis in perovskite photovoltaics. Journal of Materials Research 37, 2825–2836 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-022-00676-1

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