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Degradable magnesium implants: improving bioactive and antibacterial performance by designed hybrid coatings

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Abstract

Magnesium and its alloys are promising material candidates for degradable fracture fixation devices due to their suitable mechanical properties and biocompatibility; however, their fast corrosion in aqueous media causes pain and swelling. In this study, a hybrid coating system composed by a sol–gel silica-based matrix with bioactive glass microparticles and silica–gentamicin nanoparticles was deposited by spray technology on magnesium AZ91D alloy. The coating was homogeneously distributed on the surface and protected the degradation of AZ91D alloy in simulated body fluid for at least 28 days, preventing the pH increase of the solution and accelerating the formation of calcium phosphate-related compounds on the surface. Moreover, inhibition of bacteria growth was proved for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and increased cell adhesion and proliferation of ST-2 and differentiated MC3T3-E1 cells was shown. The generated coating is a promising surface treatment for providing bioactive and antibacterial proprieties to new degradable implants.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank L. Liverani and A. Grünewald (FAU Institute of Biomaterials) for the grateful help in cell culture assays and technical support, J. Bohlen from MagIC—Magnesium Innovations Center for the AZ91D supply, D. Colombo for the roughness measurements and YPF Technology-Analytical lab (Karina Irvicelli and Ines Loyza) for the XRD measurements. J. Ballarre and J. Merlo thank the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for the Renewal of the Georg Forster Fellowship for experienced researchers and the associated Junior Research Fellowship, respectively. J. Merlo and J. Ballarre also thank the support of CONICET.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany

    Julieta L. Merlo, Rainer Detsch, Aldo R. Boccaccini & Josefina Ballarre

  2. Applied Electrochemistry Div.-INTEMA, CONICET-University of Mar del Plata, Colon 10850, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina

    Julieta L. Merlo, Silvia Ceré & Josefina Ballarre

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  1. Julieta L. Merlo
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  2. Rainer Detsch
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  3. Silvia Ceré
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  4. Aldo R. Boccaccini
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  5. Josefina Ballarre
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Correspondence to Aldo R. Boccaccini or Josefina Ballarre.

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Merlo, J.L., Detsch, R., Ceré, S. et al. Degradable magnesium implants: improving bioactive and antibacterial performance by designed hybrid coatings. Journal of Materials Research 36, 443–458 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-020-00099-w

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