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Nanocarrier-Mediated Drug Delivery via Inhalational Route for Lung Cancer Therapy: A Systematic and Updated Review

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Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the most severe lethal malignancies, with approximately 1.6 million deaths every year. Lung cancer can be broadly categorised into small and non-small-cell lung cancer. The traditional chemotherapy is nonspecific, destroys healthy cells and produces systemic toxicity; targeted inhalation drug delivery in conjunction with nanoformulations has piqued interest as an approach for improving chemotherapeutic drug activity in the treatment of lung cancer. Our aim is to discuss the impact of polymer and lipid-based nanocarriers (polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, etc.) to treat lung cancer via the inhalational route of drug administration. This review also highlights the clinical studies, patent reports and latest investigations related to lung cancer treatment through the pulmonary route. In accordance with the PRISMA guideline, a systematic literature search was carried out for published works between 2005 and 2023. The keywords used were lung cancer, pulmonary delivery, inhalational drug delivery, liposomes in lung cancer, nanotechnology in lung cancer, etc. Several articles were searched, screened, reviewed and included. The analysis demonstrated the potential of polymer and lipid-based nanocarriers to improve the entrapment of drugs, sustained release, enhanced permeability, targeted drug delivery and retention impact in lung tissues. Patents and clinical observations further strengthen the translational potential of these carrier systems for human use in lung cancer. This systematic review demonstrated the potential of pulmonary (inhalational) drug delivery approaches based on nanocarriers for lung cancer therapy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Cell, Integral University, for continuous support and guidance during the writing process of this work.

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  1. Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India

    Nargis Ara & Abdul Hafeez

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  1. Nargis Ara
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  2. Abdul Hafeez
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Both authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Nargis Ara and Abdul Hafeez. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Nargis Ara, and Abdul Hafeez reviewed and commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Abdul Hafeez.

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Theme: Inhaled Drug Delivery of Biologics for Therapeutic and Vaccination

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Ara, N., Hafeez, A. Nanocarrier-Mediated Drug Delivery via Inhalational Route for Lung Cancer Therapy: A Systematic and Updated Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 25, 47 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-024-02758-1

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