Abstract
The exponential decay law is well established since its first derivation in 1928; however, it is not exact but only an approximate description. In recent years some experimental and theoretical indications for non-exponential decay have been documented. First we solve analytically the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in one dimension for a potential consisting of an infinite wall plus a rectangular barrier with finite width and also a cut harmonic oscillator potential by considering it as a sequence of square potentials. Then using the staggered Leap-Frog method, we solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the cut harmonic oscillator potential. In both methods, time dependence of the survival probability of the particle and the decay parameter \( \lambda \) are analyzed. The results exhibit non-exponential behavior for survival probability at short and intermediate times.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
No Data associated in the manuscript.
References
G. Gamow, ZP 51, 204 (1928)
G. Andersson, B. Suri, L. Guo, T. Aref, P. Delsing, Nat. Phys. 15, 1123 (2019)
J. Kumlin, K. Kleinbeck, N. Stiesdal, H. Busche, S. Hofferberth, H.P. Büchler, Phys. Rev. A 102, 63703 (2020)
S.R. Wilkinson, C.F. Bharucha, M.C. Fischer, K.W. Madison, P.R. Morrow, Q. Niu, B. Sundaram, M.G. Raizen, Nature 387, 575 (1997)
M. Peshkin, A. Volya, V. Zelevinsky, EPL Europhys. Lett. 107, 40001 (2014)
S.F. Duki, H. Mathur, Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 90, 1 (2014)
G. García-Calderón, R. Romo, Phys. Rev. A 93(1), 022118 (2016)
E. Abrahams, Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 71(1), 011106 (2005)
S. Longhi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 10 (2006)
F.H. Koppens, D. Klauser, W.A. Coish, K.C. Nowack, L.P. Kouwenhoven, D. Loss, L.M. Vandersypen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 1 (2007)
G. Iori, E. Marinari, G. Parisi, Europhys. Lett. (EPL) 25, 491 (1994)
P.J. Aston, EPL Europhys. Lett. 97, 52001 (2012)
N.G. Kelkar, M. Nowakowski, K.P. Khemchandani, Phys. Rev. C Nucl. Phys. 70, 2 (2004)
A. Fierro, G. Franzese, A. de Candia, A. Coniglio, Phys. Rev. E 59, 60 (1999)
A. Wyrzykowski, Acta Phys. Pol. B (2018). https://doi.org/10.5506/APhysPolB.51.2015
Z.D. Chen, S.Q. Shen, Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 67, 124081 (2003)
Q. Guan, M.K.H. Ome, T.M. Bersano, S. Mossman, P. Engels, D. Blume, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 213401 (2020)
A.M. Ishkhanyan, V.P. Krainov, Laser Phys. Lett. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1088/1612-2011/12/4/046002
Y.A. Litvinov et al., Phys. Lett. Sect. B Nucl. Elem. Part. High Energy Phys. 664, 162 (2008)
P. Kienle et al., Phys. Lett. Sect. B Nucl. Elem. Part. High Energy Phys. 726, 638 (2013)
F. Giacosa, Found. Phys. 42, 1262 (2012)
G. Lambiase, G. Papini, G. Scarpetta, Phys. Lett. Sect. B Nucl. Elem. Part. High Energy Phys. 718, 998 (2013)
F. Giacosa, Phys. Rev. A At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 88, 1–10 (2013)
F. Giacosa and G. Pagliara, PoS BORMIO2012, 28 (2012). arXiv:1204.1896 [nucl-th]
F. Giacosa, G. Pagliara, Quant. Matt. 2, 54 (2013). arXiv:1110.1669 [nucl-th]
A. N. Ivanov and P. Kienle, (2013). arXiv:1312.5206
T. Koide, F.M. Toyama, Phys. Rev. A 66, 64102 (2002)
G. Lambiase, G. Papini, G. Scarpetta, Ann. Phys. 332, 143 (2012)
F.C. Ozturk et al., Phys. Lett. B 797, 134800 (2019)
A. Gal, Symmetry (2016). https://doi.org/10.3390/sym8060049
V. Krainov, Sov. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 115, 68 (2012)
M. Peshkin, Phys. Rev. C 91, 42501 (2015)
S.-J. Rong, Q.-Y. Liu, Modern Phys. Lett. A 27, 1250093 (2012)
F. Giraldi, Eur. Phys. J. D (2019). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2019-100219-0
M. Hosseini, S. Alavi, Ann. Phys. 410, 167936 (2019)
A.N. Petridis, L.P. Staunton, J. Vermedahl, M. Luban, J. Modern Phys. 2010, 124 (2010)
S.A. Alavi, C. Giunti, EPL Europhys. Lett. 109, 60001 (2015)
C. Rothe, S.I. Hintschich, A.P. Monkman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 163601 (2006)
P. Facchi, S. Pascazio, J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 41, 493001 (2008)
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our gratitude to Francesco Giacosa for his comments to improve this manuscript. S. A. Alavi is highly delighted and thankful of INFN, Turin and specially Carlo Giunti. It was there that the initial spark of this work was ignited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Hosseini-Ghalehni, M.S., Azadegan, B. & Alavi, S.A. Analysis of quantum decay law: is quantum tunneling really exponential?. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 1326 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03525-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03525-6